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The Zimbabwean government has defended foreign mining companies amid growing allegations of exploitation of local workers and environmental degradation.
Several Chinese-owned companies, in particular, have been accused of destroying the environment, including polluting rivers, as they aggressively mine for lithium and other valuable minerals in the country.
The increasing scramble for resources has raised concerns about the environmental impact and the treatment of local employees, with accusations that government officials are turning a blind eye to these violations.
During a recent Parliamentary session, Caston Matewu, the Marondera Central MP from the Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC), raised questions about the operations of foreign mining companies, urging the government to take action.
In response, Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs, Ziyambi Ziyambi, who is also the Leader of Government Business in Parliament, defended the foreign firms, saying that all mining companies, regardless of ownership, are operating in compliance with Zimbabwe’s laws. Said Ziyambi (via <a href="https://www.newzimbabwe.com/zimbabwean-government-shields-foreign-mining-companies-accused-of-exploiting-rural-communities/">NewZimbabwe.com</a>):
<blockquote>
Firstly, I want to say that there is no massive plundering of minerals. That is overstretching the so-called foreigners. There is no foreigner who is coming here and mining illegally.
They are following the confines of the law and the majority of them are doing whatever is required according to the laws.
The communities are supposed to benefit. The miners are supposed to follow the environmental laws that are supposed to be there and they are supposed to also do their community corporate social responsibilities.
Moreover, they also pay royalties and taxies even to our Rural District Councils. So, I believe that Hon. Members can suggest what they believe must be done that is outside the laws that are already existing instead of over-dramatising and saying plundering of communities.
We need to say that as legislators, that this is as far as what the law can provide but we believe it is short of what should be done to ensure that our communities benefit.
</blockquote>
Dissatisfied with Ziyambi’s response, Matewu challenged the government to ensure that local communities directly benefit from the mineral extraction, urging that the wealth generated from Zimbabwe’s resources should be used to improve the livelihoods of the people living in mining areas. He said:
<blockquote>
However, my question still remains— what are you going to do to make sure? This is because when we went for budget consultations with most of the Members of Parliament in here, it was clear from those residents that they are not benefitting anything.
The roads in Mvurwi are being damaged but they are taking chrome day in, day out. What are you doing to make sure that those people who are in those areas get something out of the activities?
</blockquote>
A Chinese mining company is facing accusations of destroying the scenic Boterekwa area in the Shurugwi District, a once picturesque location now said to be severely impacted by mining activities.
Earlier this month, the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) imposed a ban on two Chinese mining companies—Riverlion (Pvt) Ltd, located on the Hurungwe side, and Baimei Investments—after they were suspected of causing significant environmental damage through their alluvial mining operations along the Sanyati River.
The companies are reportedly using heavy machinery, including excavators and water pumps, to extract minerals.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Pindula News

The government in Zimbabwe is protecting foreign mining companies accused of hurting the environment and mistreating workers. Some Chinese-owned companies are destroying rivers as they mine for valuable minerals. The government says all companies follow the law, pay taxes, and help the communities. But some lawmakers say the locals are not benefiting enough from the mining. A Chinese company is damaging a scenic area, and two others were banned for harming the environment. Some people are worried about the impact of mining on the environment and people's lives in Zimbabwe.

Zimbabwean Government Shields Foreign Mining Companies Accused Of Environmental Degradation

The Environmental Management Agency (EMA) has banned two Chinese mining companies suspected of causing environmental damage through their alluvial mining activities along the Sanyati River.
According to <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/local-news/article/200034525/govt-whips-errant-chinese-miners">NewsDay,</a> one of the companies was operating on the Hurungwe side, while the other had started clearing land on the Kariba rural side.
Both companies were reportedly using heavy equipment, including an excavator and water pump, among other machinery.
Mashonaland West EMA provincial spokesperson Munyaradzi Nhariswa said one of the companies, Riverlion (Pvt) Ltd, was sanctioned for excavating and modifying the river channel. He said:
Indeed, two companies were identified: Riverlion (Pvt) Ltd situated on the Hurungwe side and Baimei Investments located on the Nyaminyami side.
<blockquote>
Riverlion (Pvt) Ltd was engaged in riverbed mining activities along the Sanyati River, with open workings and a wash plant within the river.
The company was sanctioned for excavating and modifying the river channel as defined in the Environmental Management Act [Cap 20:27] as read with Statutory Instrument 7 of 2007, as well as storage and usage of hazardous substances without the required licence from the agency as required in terms of Statutory Instrument 268 of 2018.
</blockquote>
Baimei Investments was sanctioned for implementing a prescribed project without an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) certificate. Said Nhariswa:
<blockquote>
The company was sanctioned for implementing a prescribed project without an Environmental Impact Assessment certificate as required in terms of the Environmental Management Act [Cap 20:27].
Both companies were served with environmental protection orders directing them to cease all mining activities immediately and relocate their equipment 500 metres away from the Sanyati River.
The order directed them to only recommence operations once they obtain the necessary licences.
</blockquote>
The companies had tampered with riverbeds as defined in EMA regulations which attracts “a fine not exceeding level 14 or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding five years or to both such fine and such imprisonment.”
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The Environmental Agency banned two Chinese mining companies for damaging Sanyati River. They used heavy equipment without licenses. The companies must stop mining and move equipment away from the river. They need to get the right licenses before they can start mining again. It's against the law to damage the river like they did. The companies could face fines or jail time.

EMA Bans Two Chinese Companies Over Damage To Sanyati River

The Mining Industry Pension Fund (MIPF) will compensate pensioners who lost their benefits during the hyperinflationary era between 2006 and 2009.
More than 33,000 people have not yet claimed their benefits; of those, about 10 pensioners are set to receive about US$100,000.
During the Zimbabwe Diamond and Allied Minerals Workers Union’s Gwanda regional meeting held last week, MIPF Bulawayo branch manager Perseverance Dube said that those without benefits should visit MIPF offices. He said (via <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/local-news/article/200034536/windfall-for-33k-pensioners-some-to-get-us100k-compensation">NewsDay</a>):
<blockquote>
We are paying compensation for everyone who lost pension benefits between 2006 and 2009. If it means liquidating some of the MIPF assets to do that it will be done and some of the pensioners but just a few I think around 10 or less will be given US$100 000 or so, but they are few of them.
We are working on ensuring that those who lost benefits get compensated and we have around 33 000 people who have not claimed their benefits so far. If you know some of these people, just advise them to visit MIPF offices.
</blockquote>
In 2015, the late former President Robert Mugabe established a commission of inquiry to investigate the devaluation of life insurance policies and pensions following Zimbabwe’s shift to a multicurrency regime in 2009.
The Justice George Smith-led commission found that policyholders and pension scheme members were prejudiced during the conversion and recommended compensation.
In 2023, the government issued regulations to recognise the loss of value of pension products from January 1, 2000, to February 28, 2009, ensuring affected members are compensated.
Insurers and pension funds were instructed to submit compensation plans, including lists of eligible policyholders and compensation amounts, by December 31.
Last week’s Zimbabwe Diamond and Allied Minerals Workers Union meeting aimed to adopt a strategic plan for building union power, securing jobs, and driving transformation.
Key strategies included fighting for the benefits and pensions of retired and retiring mine workers.
Dube said that, in addition to NSSA, the World Bank established industry-based occupational pension schemes. He said:
<blockquote>
In the mining industry, we have MIPF, in clothing, we have the Clothing Industry Pension Fund, in catering, we have the Catering Industry Pension Fund.
So the government also looked at that structure and said for each industry we are going to set up an industry-based pension scheme for every industry that looks at the needs of that particular industry and addresses them, but NSSA is for all of us.
</blockquote>
Dube said in addition to the 4.5% NSSA contribution, mine workers also contribute 7.5% to MIPF for occupational-based schemes.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The Mining Industry Pension Fund is giving money to 33,000 pensioners who lost benefits from 2006-2009. Some may get $100,000. People who haven't claimed benefits should visit MIPF offices. In 2015, a commission found that pensioners were treated unfairly and recommended compensation. The government issued regulations in 2023 to ensure affected members are compensated. The meeting aimed to help retired miners get their benefits. Different industries have pension funds, like MIPF for mining. Mine workers contribute to MIPF for their pension.

Mining Pension Fund To Compensate 33,000 Pensioners

Leading chrome mining company, African Chrome Fields (ACF), has revealed its ambitious plans to capture up to 25% of the global market share for high-grade chrome concentrate by 2026. At a press conference, ACF Chairman and Country Representative, Zunaid Moti, shared, “(the) goal is to position ACF as a major player in the global chrome industry, while setting Zimbabwe apart as the home of high-quality chrome concentrate, and helping to build its reputation for its resource capabilities.”
ACF operates six spiral wash plants across the Midlands province in the Ngezi, Lalapanzi, and Chinyikwa regions. These plants use a combination of gravity and water to extract chrome without the use of chemicals, supporting environmental sustainability and land rehabilitation efforts. ACF’s current production averages 30,000 tonnes of high-grade chromium concentrate monthly, which is critical in producing ferroalloy for high-grade stainless steel. The company is expected to generate over $40 million in revenue for Zimbabwe’s treasury in 2024.
Looking to the future, ACF has planned significant investments to boost production capacity, aiming to increase monthly chrome output to between 50,000 and 60,000 tonnes. The company targets 800,000 tonnes of annual production by 2030. This will be achieved by increasing its number of wash plants from six to eight over the next 18 months, while also relocating three wash plants to Lalapanzi and one to Ngezi. By the end of 2025, ACF anticipates generating $100 million in foreign exchange revenue for Zimbabwe annually, rising to $150 million by 2030. Moreover, its initiatives are set to benefit over 8,500 community members, directly and indirectly, through job creation and infrastructure development.
“Our plans demonstrate our confidence in the strength and global competitiveness of our products, as well as our belief in Zimbabwe’s future. We’re proud to carry the Zimbabwean badge on the world stage, and to partner in its development by building infrastructure that supports sustainable growth and creates jobs,” said Moti.
Looking to New Horizons in Chrome Production
In addition to expanding production, ACF is enhancing its beneficiation processes to produce a low-silica chrome variant, using hydrosizers to reduce silica levels. This product, with chrome content exceeding 50% and silica below 0.5%, can be used as chemical-grade material and foundry sand. It also has potential applications in refractory linings for smelters, enhancing the durability of high-grade, ultra-low carbon ferrochrome.
The company’s aluminothermic facility is also ramping up production of ultra-low carbon, high-grade ferrochrome for clients in the aeronautical engineering sector. “Our goal is to elevate Zimbabwe’s mining capabilities to compete on a global scale, and to earn recognition for the technology and innovation we are bringing to the industry,” Moti added.
Empowering Local Businesses and Communities
Beyond its own operations, ACF is focused on empowering other local businesses involved in beneficiation. The company plans to supply up to 50% of its chrome concentrate to local smelters at fair market prices, strengthening Zimbabwe’s domestic value chains.
In terms of social responsibility, ACF is involved in various community projects. The company is setting up a bakery that will produce 2,000 loaves of bread daily for children at a local primary school and nearby communities. Additionally, ACF plans to introduce two buses over the next two years to transport pupils from Lalapanzi, Ngezi, and Chinyikwa, covering fuel and driver costs to ease the burden on schools and parents.
“Ultimately, ACF is committed for the long-term. We see ourselves as a partner to Zimbabwe and especially the communities in which we operate, so it’s important to us to make a meaningful difference. Providing education, transportation, and nutrition for children is just one way in which we’re working to support local families and creating a better future for the next generation,” Moti emphasized.
As ACF continues to expand its footprint, the company is well-positioned to unlock new opportunities for growth while providing substantial benefits for Zimbabwe’s economy and communities.
Lemuel Chekai and Advent Shoko contributed to this article.
More Pindula News

African Chrome Fields wants to be a big player in the chrome industry by producing lots of high-quality chrome concentrate in Zimbabwe. They use special plants to extract chrome without hurting the environment, and they want to make sure their products are top-notch. They also plan to help the community by creating jobs, building infrastructure, and supporting local businesses. They aim to increase their chrome production and revenue, improve their products, and make a positive impact on Zimbabwe for the long term. Overall, they want to be a big success in the chrome industry and help the country grow.

African Chrome Fields Sets Sights on Global Chrome Dominance

The government has provided a state-assisted funeral for the six artisanal miners who lost their lives in a mine dump landslide in Kwekwe last Thursday.
The tragic incident occurred near the Globe and Phoenix Mine, close to Kwekwe Central Business District.
According to <a href="https://www.zbcnews.co.zw/state-assisted-funeral-for-kwekwe-mine-accident-victims/">ZBC News</a>, a funeral parade for the deceased—Simon Chauke, Offias Ncube, Edward Phiri, Gasiyani Banda, Marshall Mpofu, and Ephraim Ncube—was held in Kwekwe on Sunday.
Kwekwe District Civil Protection Unit (CPU) chairperson Fortune Mpungu said:
<blockquote>
We received information that a mine had collapsed and we rushed to the scene. We quickly mobilised resources in the form of excavators and other equipment which we used to dig and retrieve the bodies of the deceased.
We have since activated our CPU and are on the ground assisting with all the necessary work needed there.
</blockquote>
Globe and Phoenix Primary School has been decommissioned after a classroom block collapsed into an underground tunnel during class, injuring students.
A nearby house also collapsed into an underground tunnel a few days later, further raising concerns about the safety of residents in the mining town.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The government helped pay for funerals of six miners who died in Kwekwe. Parade for the deceased was held. Civil Protection Unit rushed to scene to get bodies. School decommissioned after collapse. Another building also collapsed. Residents' safety is a concern. News from Pindula News.

Government Offers Funeral Assistance For Six Miners Killed In Kwekwe Landslide

The mining industry has proposed increasing the foreign currency retention threshold from the current 75% to 85%. This change would enable miners to better meet their funding requirements, reported <a href="https://www.herald.co.zw/miners-seek-85pc-exports-retention/">The Herald</a>.
In 2023, the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) had already increased the foreign currency retention threshold for exporters from 60% to 75%.
This adjustment came after exporters complained that the high export surrender requirements made it difficult to access foreign currency for critical expenditure and financing operations.
Mining companies require foreign currency to cover a range of essential expenses, including paying for electricity, which is billed in hard currency, importing critical production inputs, procuring local inputs that are priced predominantly in foreign currency and other necessary financing and operational needs.
In its latest report on the state of the mining industry and prospects for 2025, the Chamber of Mines of Zimbabwe said:
<blockquote>
The current 75 percent foreign currency retention is inadequate to meet operational requirements and funding expansion projects.
The average foreign exchange retention that meets the mining industry’s foreign currency requirements is at least 85 percent.
</blockquote>
According to the Chamber of Mines, the mining sector plans to spend US$600 million on capital expenditure projects. Additionally, mineral exports are projected to reach US$6 billion in the coming year, up from US$5.5 billion in the current year.
The mining industry is a crucial economic driver for Zimbabwe, accounting for:
<ul>
<li>Over 70% of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)</li>
<li>80% of exports</li>
<li>19% of government revenues</li>
<li>3% of direct formal employment</li>
<li>13.5% of national income</li>
</ul>
Due to ongoing expansion projects in the sector, the number of formal jobs in the mining industry is anticipated to increase by close to 3% next year, rising from the current 57,000 to around 58,700 positions.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The mining industry in Zimbabwe wants to be able to keep more foreign currency to help with their expenses. They currently keep 75% of the foreign currency they earn, but want to increase it to 85%. This change will help them pay for things like electricity and buying materials they need. The mining industry is a big part of Zimbabwe's economy, bringing in a lot of money and providing jobs. They have plans to spend a lot of money on new projects and expect to export even more minerals in the future. The government is considering their proposal to increase the foreign currency retention threshold.

Miners Seek Increase In Foreign Currency Retention Threshold To 85%

The High Court has ordered some miners to cease alluvial mining operations in Penhalonga, Manicaland province, following a challenge by residents aimed at protecting the environment.
According to the Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights (ZLHR), on September 21, 2024, three residents—Peter Dengure Maneswa, Blessing Tafadzwa Chigova, and Treasure Maziti—filed an urgent application at the Mutare High Court against miners Kainos Mhandu and Edson Rainford.
The residents, who were represented by Calexy Maunga and Tatenda Sigauke of Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights, argued that the miners’ activities violated environmental laws, increasing the risk of flash floods during the upcoming rainy season.
The miners were accused of unlawfully occupying the banks of the Mutare River and conducting operations with two excavators without necessary licenses or authority.
The residents claimed the mining operations infringed on their constitutional rights to property and a safe environment, as their properties border the river.
The mining activities were deemed unlawful due to the absence of lawful authorisation from the Minister of Environment, Climate and Wildlife and were being done without securing an Environmental Impact Assessment Certificate, thereby violating the Environmental Management (Control of Alluvial Mining) Regulations, 2014 and the Environmental Management (Control of Alluvial Mining) Amendment Regulations, 2021.
On September 23, 2024, High Court Judge Justice Isaac Muzenda ordered the immediate removal of mining equipment from the Mutare River and prohibited any further mining operations in the area.
The High Court Judge ruled that if the miners failed to comply with the order, the Sheriff or Deputy Sheriff could take necessary actions, including involving the Zimbabwe Republic Police.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The High Court told miners to stop mining in Penhalonga to protect the environment. Residents filed a case against miners Kainos Mhandu and Edson Rainford, saying they broke laws and risked floods. The miners were operating without licenses and were on the river banks illegally. The residents said their rights were violated. The judge said stop mining or face police action. Mining was stopped until proper permissions were obtained. Residents and lawyers fought to keep the area safe and peaceful.

High Court Orders Miners To Stop Alluvial Mining In Penhalonga

Residents of Bulawayo’s Ward 2 are outraged by illegal gold panning occurring along the Matsheumhlope River, situated between the Northend and Tegela suburbs, which is resulting in massive environmental degradation.
In a message shared within the community’s Ward 2 WhatsApp group, which was seen by <a href="https://cite.org.zw/illegal-mining-wreaks-havoc-on-matsheumhlope-river/">CITE</a>, resident Helmand Shoko said he was alarmed after discovering the situation during a walk along the river on October 5. He said:
<blockquote>
I witnessed the extent of the destruction being done by gold panners. The environmental damage is now a serious concern. I did not make a citizen’s arrest, but I warned and escorted one of the panners away.
</blockquote>
Shoko urged the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) and local councillors to take immediate action, adding that there was a need for regular patrols in vulnerable areas to protect the environment.
Another concerned resident, Dubley, called for community unity and urged residents to organise themselves and make citizen arrests.
He shared his own struggles with a different neighbourhood issue—an ongoing battle to enforce noise regulations.
Dudley explained that it took a lot of effort to prompt local police to take decisive action. He said the lack of broader community support made the challenge even more difficult. He said:
<blockquote>
My neighbour and I had to go through hell before our honourable Officer-In-charge took decisive and strong action to control the noise as per the by-laws. Nobody within this forum supported us in our terrible struggle.
If you want any change to happen -take remedial steps as soon as you see the root causes of the problem. Take steps immediately through the law enforcement agents.
</blockquote>
In an interview with CITE, Ward 2 Councillor Rendani Moyo conceded that there is an increase in illegal mining activities in suburban areas due to a lack of enforcement of relevant laws against the practice. Said Moyo:
<blockquote>
I am concerned about the proliferation of illegal mining activities in suburban areas. This points to a lack of enforcement and we are currently in a conversation with other stakeholders to find a solution to this menace.
These activities frequently lead to land degradation, and pollution, and create dangerous open pits, putting residents, particularly children, at risk of injury or even death.
Illegal mining in these areas is not just about extracting resources unlawfully, it is also causing massive damage to our infrastructure and putting people’s lives at risk not to mention the possibility of violence.
</blockquote>
In August 2024, the government of Zimbabwe imposed an immediate ban on riverbed mining or alluvial mining due to its detrimental effects on the environment.
Information Minister Jenfan Muswere said alluvial mining has significantly contributed to water pollution, siltation, and the degradation of river channels, disrupting vital riverine ecosystems.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Illegal gold mining is causing big problems on Matsheumhlope River in Bulawayo. Residents are upset about the damage to the environment. They want the Environmental Management Agency and local councillors to take action. People are also being urged to work together and make citizen arrests. There is concern that illegal mining activities are increasing due to a lack of enforcement of laws. The government has already banned riverbed mining because it is hurting the environment. It's important to protect the river and the people who live nearby.

Illegal Gold Mining Wreaks Havoc On Matsheumhlope River

The Anti-Corruption Trust of Southern Africa (ACT-SA) has condemned the illegal alluvial gold riverbed mining activities taking place at MaDollar dam in the Sessombi area of Zhombe, Kwekwe, disguised as dam scooping, allegedly protected by law enforcement and local authorities.
In a statement, the ACT-SA chairperson Alouis Munyaradzi Chaumba said his organisation and its officials have been threatened by an organised crime syndicate involved in the activities for exposing their illegal mining activities. <a href="https://www.newzimbabwe.com/outrage-over-illegal-alluvial-gold-mining-syndicate-polluting-dams-chinese-chief-and-politicians-fingered-in-unholy-confluence-of-corruption/">Said Chaumba</a>:
<blockquote>
This unholy confluence of corruption, patronage, and state-sanctioned impunity has effectively rendered the illegal mining activities immune to any form of legal consequence, thus perpetuating a cycle of exploitation and injustice that shows no signs of abating.
In an audacious display of audacity and intimidation, Chief Gwesela, a member of the MaDollar dam syndicate and a traditional leader in the region, issued ominous threats against the ACT-SA regional director through WhatsApp.
Despite the gravity of these threats, the Zimbabwe Republic Police, operating out of the Kwekwe Central Police Station, refused to accept a report of the incident from the ACT-SA director, a blatant violation of their duty to uphold the law and ensure the safety of citizens.
</blockquote>
ACT-SA has demanded that all those implicated in illegal alluvial riverbed mining should be held accountable for their actions. Said Chaumba:
<blockquote>
Members of the syndicate conducting these illegal alluvial riverbed mining activities should be held accountable for their actions.
The participation of the Zibagwe Rural District Council’s chief executive officer and Hardrock Mine should be probed, especially on the circumstances that led to the granting of the dam scooping authorisation that appears to have no applicant.
It should also be in the public interest to expose the high profile politically exposed individual or individuals who are alleged to be part of the syndicate and providing protection to all those on the ground.
It is alleged that the syndicate members are openly telling people that they will not stop the illegal mining activities because of the backing that they enjoy from some individuals who have political muscles.
</blockquote>
The ACT-SA report has been shared with several government agencies, including the Zimbabwe Anti-Corruption Commission and the Office of the President, calling for an immediate investigation into a syndicate involved in illegal alluvial riverbed mining.
ACT-SA has demanded urgent action from authorities to investigate the issuance of dam scooping authorizations, halt illegal mining, confiscate equipment, and hold perpetrators accountable.
The organisation also called for compensation for affected farmers and accountability for those abusing their power in this matter.
It urged the Zimbabwe Investment and Development Agency (ZIDA) and other authorities to thoroughly investigate the involvement of Chinese parties in these illegal activities.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

An organization called ACT-SA is angry about people mining for gold illegally at a dam in Zimbabwe. The group says the mining is polluting the dam and harming the environment. They are mad that some powerful people are protecting the illegal miners. The organization has asked for an investigation into the illegal mining and for the people involved to be punished. They want the government to take action to stop the illegal activities, confiscate equipment, and help the farmers affected. The group also wants to know if Chinese people are involved in the illegal mining.

ACT-SA Condemns Illegal Gold Mining At MaDollar Dam Disguised As Scooping

Three artisanal miners tragically lost their lives on Wednesday in Mapinga, reportedly due to inhaling exhaust fumes from a generator they had brought underground.
The generator was being used to power a jackhammer, which was employed to break apart large chrome ore boulders.
As reported by <a href="https://www.herald.co.zw/three-die-in-mapinga-chrome-mine-shaft/">The Herald</a>, the bodies of the three men, all aged 27, were recovered around 6 PM, two hours after the accident, and transported to the mortuary at Banket Hospital for post-mortem examinations.
Among the bereaved is 65-year-old Gogo Pamidzai Kaitano, who lost two of her sons in this incident. The third victim was a neighbour of the brothers.
Ellesha Chitiza, a nephew of one of the deceased, shared his account of the tragic event. He said:
<blockquote>
I received a call from Musoja who was sponsoring my uncle, cousin and friend, that something terrible had occurred at the mine.
I rushed to check what had happened. I noticed that the bodies of my uncle and cousin were lying lifeless a few metres from the entrance of the mine. My friend’s body was a distance away from those two.
I went down the shaft to investigate what had caused their death but couldn’t go further as I was now gasping for air. This means that there was a presence of poisonous gas in the shaft.
</blockquote>
He said the generator in question was never found at the scene.
Gogo Kaitano, a resident of Kilmaqdouh Compound near Mapinga Truckstop, is heartbroken after the loss of her sons. Partially blind, she is grappling with profound grief following the tragic accident. She said:
<blockquote>
They were caring for me; as you can see I am partially blind. For the past two months after joining the sector, they bought food and brought other items to the house. They had started working towards constructing a modern house.
</blockquote>
Didymus Mukuya Mangeyi, the son of Gogo Kaitano, appealed to the Government and well-wishers to assist them in such a difficult time.
The Permanent Secretary in the Office of the Minister of State for Mashonaland West Provincial Affairs and Devolution Josphat Jaji, who also chairs the Civil Protection Unit, said the district protection unit had been notified and investigations are underway.
Provincial Minister Marian Chombo expressed her sorrow over the situation, assuring that assistance will be provided to the affected families.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Three miners died in a chrome mine shaft from breathing in fumes from a generator used to power a jackhammer. The bodies were found two hours after the accident. One mother lost her two sons in the incident. A nephew of one of the deceased miners couldn't go far into the shaft because of poison gas. The generator was missing. The mother, who is partially blind, is devastated. Officials are investigating the incident, and help is being offered to the affected families.

Three Miners Die From Exhaust Fumes In Chrome Mine Shaft

Gold miners in Mashonaland East Province have accused the police of shielding illegal miners who are disrupting their operations.
A manager at Hun Sen Mine, a major Chinese-owned operation in the Makaha area of Mutoko, told <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a> that illegal gold miners, commonly known as makorokoza, are increasingly encroaching on their claims.
These illegal miners not only operate without authorisation but also pose serious environmental hazards due to their unsustainable practices.
The manager, who requested anonymity, alleged that they have reached out to police in Murehwa, including Officer Commanding District Superintendent Moyo and Inspector Katigu, head of the Police Internal Security and Intelligence (PISI), to address the issue of illegal mining in the area. Said the official:
<blockquote>
In early September, we contacted [Dispol] to report the presence of illegal miners and requested their arrest along with the confiscation of their equipment.
He agreed to conduct an operation and asked us to fund it, providing a budget of US$2,700 to cover fuel and the officers’ meals during the deployment.
We paid him the amount in cash through [the PISI] three weeks ago, and he assured us that the operation would take place within three days. However, nothing has materialised.
The company management has reached out to him twice, but he continues to postpone the operation, and to date, no action has been taken.
Now, we are noticing police officers meeting with the illegal miners instead.
</blockquote>
The official further alleged that they have received information indicating that these police officers are warning the illegal miners about the upcoming operation, advising them to hide their equipment before the scheduled enforcement action. He queried:
<blockquote>
Our concerns now centre on whether it is lawful for senior police officers to demand payment to fulfil their official duties.
Is it appropriate for them to inform criminals about an impending operation? Can we expect to achieve the desired results from the police under these circumstances?
</blockquote>
Efforts to obtain a comment from the local police over the allegations of protecting illegal miners and asking for payment from miners by law enforcement are ongoing.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Gold miners are upset because the police are helping illegal miners in Zimbabwe. The illegal miners are causing problems for the legal mines and hurting the environment. The legal miners asked the police to help stop the illegal miners, but the police asked for money to do their job. The police didn't do anything to help. The legal miners think the police are warning the illegal miners before any operations. They are questioning if the police can be trusted to do their job properly. They are trying to talk to the police about these issues.

Gold Miners Accuse Police Of Shielding Makorokoza

Riverbed mining is reportedly continuing unabated in Manicaland Province, three weeks after the government announced a ban on alluvial mining.
High-ranking ZANU PF officials and security officials are allegedly at the centre of these activities, which are causing significant environmental destruction.
In an interview with the <a href="https://www.theindependent.co.zw/local-news/article/200031935/securocrats-zanu-pf-bigwigs-in-illegal-mining">Zimbabwe Independent</a>, James Mupfumi, director of the Centre for Research and Development (CRD), claimed that riverbed mining has intensified since the ban was implemented. Said Mupfumi:
<blockquote>
It (riverbed mining) is continuing; It’s lawlessness. They are not accountable to anyone. They are not accountable to the government. It benefits individuals.
It is also happening in Chimanimani. It is happening in Odzi. In Chimanimani, the mining is taking place under the banner of a company (named supplied), which is (allegedly) affiliated with the military. We don’t know where the proceeds are going.
</blockquote>
However, the chairperson of the chrome sector in the Zimbabwe Miners Federation, Tafirei Masuma, told the Zimbabwe Independent the named military firm was not involved in riverbed mining. He said:
<blockquote>
The said military company was never doing riverbed mining. It was rehabilitating damaged portions of rivers in Manicaland under the guidance of the Environmental Management Agency (EMA).
They were doing it perfectly in line with the requirements of Ema. It never defied the law. It will never defy the instructions of the government because it is also a state institution.
</blockquote>
Masuma, however, conceded that illegal mining was rampant in Manicaland but maintained that the said military company’s activities were lawful.
The Zimbabwe Independent reported sources as saying despite the ban, advanced equipment continues to devastate Zimbabwe’s rivers, with Odzi and Mutare rivers among hotspots of environmental degradation.
Mupfumi blamed politically connected individuals and alleged security sector-linked entities for perpetuating the illegal mining. He said:
<blockquote>
We expected that after the ban there was going to be a stop and also that there would be measures in place for rehabilitation.
But there is nothing like that. The major concern is the issue of opacity. These are cartels which are protected by political elites.
There are names of people who are exploiting special grants. We have the names. Third parties are showing up claiming that they have been subcontracted to mine by the original holders of the special grants.
</blockquote>
Farai Maguwu, executive director of the Centre for Natural Resource Governance (CNRG) said riverbed mining is continuing in spite of the ban. He said:
<blockquote>
It is indeed continuing. In areas such as Penhalonga, we have seen an increase. Small-scale miners have arrived in the area with their equipment. They are digging near the river. Nothing has abated.
There is a need for political will to address the problem. Now, if the senior politicians are benefiting from the environmental carnage that is taking place, it means those Cabinet decisions would merely be rhetoric. We need political will, commitment, and seriousness.
</blockquote>
ZANU PF’s director of information, Farai Marapira, has dismissed allegations that members of the ruling party are fueling illegal mining activities.
Obert Jiri, the permanent secretary for Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, and Rural Development, who announced the ban, said the ministry has not received any reports regarding illegal mining in Manicaland.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Riverbed mining in Zimbabwe is still happening even though the government banned it. High-ranking officials are involved, causing harm to the environment. Some say a military company is mining legally, but others disagree. The ban has not stopped the use of advanced equipment to mine rivers. Politically connected people are benefitting from the illegal activities. The government says they haven't received reports of illegal mining. Environmentalists are calling for political action to stop the illegal mining. Some officials deny involvement in the illegal activities.

Government Ban Fails To Stop Riverbed Mining

Hwange Central Member of Parliament, Daniel Molokele (CCC), has criticised Chinese coal miners in the district for not respecting Zimbabwe’s laws in their operations.
This follows complaints from residents of Ingagula township in Hwange about excessive dust pollution caused by Chinese miners’ haulage trucks and coal mining activities.
In a recent interview with <a href="https://vicfallslive.co.zw/mp-daniel-molokele-speaks-out-against-chinese-companies-arrogance-and-disregard-for-the-law-in-hwange/">VicFallsLive</a>, Molokele alleged that Chinese investors are shielded from scrutiny due to their connections with powerful politicians in Harare.
He argued that this protection has led to a sense of arrogance among the Chinese companies operating in the area Said Molokele:
<blockquote>
We have also made efforts to reach out to the Chinese companies, most community local members are complaining that it’s the Chinese companies that are leading in terms of violations of environmental laws and making sure that there’s too much pollution, not just of the air but of the land and the rivers… but what we have learnt is that Chinese companies are very arrogant and they never respect any type of law including labour relations act.
When you look at the terms and conditions of their employees, it’s clear that they are deliberately and arrogantly violating the laws in terms of working hours, in terms of compassionate leave, study leave, medical aid, pension aid and permanent employment and so on…
In terms of health and occupational hazards, awareness and protection, so there’s a lot of violations happening… but it’s the manner in which Chinese investors start investments here in Zimbabwe because they come through high-level politics and they have got connections in Harare and some of the companies that China had set up here in Hwange, they major shareholding include the political elite and that’s where the source of arrogance is coming from… I have been working with other parliamentarians to set up a national chapter for the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China.
We have an organization that works in over 50 countries that has been set up called IPAC headquartered in London that seeks to ensure that Chinese companies wherever they are investing, they have a sustainable development model and they respect local communities.
So we are in the process of setting the national chapter in Zimbabwe, hopefully, it’ll help to increase our capacity to force the Chinese companies to be more accountable.
</blockquote>
Molokele pledged to raise the issue in the National Assembly to hold Chinese companies accountable for their environmental and social impact in Hwange.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Hwange MP Daniel Molokele is angry at Chinese miners for not following the rules in Zimbabwe. People in Hwange are upset about the pollution caused by the Chinese miners. Molokele says the Chinese companies act like they are above the law because they have connections with powerful politicians. He wants to make sure these companies are held responsible for their actions. Molokele plans to talk about this issue in Parliament and work with other MPs to try and make Chinese companies follow the law and treat local people better.

Hwange MP Daniel Molokele Slams Chinese Miners For "Arrogance And Disregard For The Law"

The government of Zimbabwe has initiated a review of Exclusive Prospecting Orders (EPOs) granted to investors three years ago for coal-bed methane exploration to evaluate their commitment to these projects.
Holders of EPOs enjoy exclusive rights to explore and potentially extract minerals within designated areas, which prevents other entities from engaging in similar activities.
EPOs are typically granted for a specific duration and may be renewed based on the holder’s adherence to regulatory requirements.
In 2021, the government issued five EPOs to investors interested in coal-bed methane, including Alabara Resources, Sakunda Energy, Tumagole of South Africa, Zambezi Gas, and Shangani Energy Exploration.
In an interview with <a href="https://www.herald.co.zw/govt-starts-reviewing-epos-for-coal-bed-methane/">The Herald</a> on Friday, Mines and Mining Development Deputy Minister Polite Kambamura said that various factors would be considered when evaluating the approval or rejection of an EPO. He said:
<blockquote>
So, we will be looking at all those issues (such as) do (holders) have the capacity? Have they done similar work elsewhere? Do they work in other EPOs in the country because we do not want people to just hold for speculation.
</blockquote>
Methane is extensively utilised as a fuel for heating and electricity generation, as well as a raw material in the production of various chemicals, such as ammonia for fertilizers.
Zimbabwe is believed to have significant reserves of untapped coal-bed methane (CBM), particularly in the Matabeleland North region.
The Lupane and Hwange districts are estimated to contain over 800 million cubic meters of CBM per square kilometre.
Moreover, additional studies indicate that Zimbabwe may possess more than 40 trillion cubic feet of potentially recoverable gas in the Lubimbi area of Lupane. This untapped resource presents substantial opportunities for energy development in the country.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The government of Zimbabwe is checking if companies are serious about exploring coal-bed methane. They gave exclusive rights to some companies but want to make sure they are doing the work. Coal-bed methane is used for heating and making electricity. Zimbabwe has a lot of untapped coal-bed methane, especially in the Matabeleland North region. It is a big opportunity for energy development in the country. Holders of Exclusive Prospecting Orders (EPOs) need to show they can do the job and not just hold for speculation. Methane is important for making chemicals like fertilizers.

Zimbabwe Starts Reviewing Exclusive Prospecting Orders For Coal-Bed Methane

Farai Maguwu, the founding director of the Centre for Natural Resource Governance, has characterised the proliferation of Chinese mining operations across Zimbabwe as a form of “organised crime” due to their exploitative nature.
Maguwu made these remarks during a virtual discussion organised by the Bubi Community Parliament last week, where he was a guest.
The discussion focused on environmental management and degradation in the Bubi district.
Chinese miners have been accused of extensive environmental degradation and a reluctance to reinvest in the communities where they operate.
Maguwu claimed that mines that started operating in Zimbabwe after the year 2000 have failed to meaningfully improve the areas in which they are situated. He said (via <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/southerneye/local/article/200031454/zim-mining-activity-is-organised-crime">Southern Eye</a>):
<blockquote>
Mining that is conducted in Zimbabwe is organised crime, it is not really formal. In terms of mines that started operating after the year 2000, the one that I think is a demonstration of unit of environmental social or governance risk is Zimplats.
If you go to Zimplats you will realise that they have invested in the road infrastructure, and they have built a town such that even if Zimplats is said to have ceased operations in Zimbabwe, that settlement will continue to exist.
They have built houses for their staff, it is actually a town that they have built. But those coming from China, they have no intention to stay here, they have no intention to transform the place from the way they found it and turn it into a better place.
</blockquote>
Maguwu argued that some of the so-called investors are not genuine investors at all, but rather criminals masquerading as such.
He went on to assert that these individuals “cannot even build toilets for their employees,” underscoring their blatant disregard for the basic welfare and dignity of the local workforce. He said:
<blockquote>
The difference between a criminal and an investor is that an investor improves the place and leaves it a better place than they found it.
If you look at towns like Shurugwi and Zvishavane, they were built due to mining. Bindura, Hwange, they built that town from coal and today we have Hwange town because of mining.
But for criminals, what they leave are pits, some of these miners cannot even build toilets for their employees.
They do not invest in people, the environment and the future. Marange is a sad story, there is nothing in Marange, the roads are bad, and the clinic staff quarters are dilapidated.
</blockquote>
Maguwu also claimed that the working conditions in most mining companies were deplorable, adding that some workers are driven to supplement their meager incomes by stealing from their employers.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Farai Maguwu says Chinese mining in Zimbabwe is like organized crime - not good for the people or the land. Chinese miners don't help the communities where they work, just take and leave. Real investors should make things better, not worse. Some miners are not real investors, just criminals pretending to be. They don't care about the workers or the environment. Maguwu also said that working conditions in many mines are bad, forcing some workers to steal to make ends meet.

Maguwu Decries Chinese Mining Operations In Zimbabwe As "Organised Crime"

Wilfred Runyararo Munetsi, the Deputy Director of Communication, Advocacy and Mining Community Suitability in the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development, has said the government is at an advanced stage in setting up an electronic system to administer, track mining rights, and process mining licences.
Munetsi stated that this new computerized system is envisaged to help address the long-standing issue of disputes over multiple allocations of mining claims.
In the past, the absence of a high-tech tracking system has resulted in such disputes spilling over into the courts of law, leading to delays in investments and production processes in the key mining sector.
Speaking in an interview with <a href="https://www.manicapost.co.zw/mining-tracking-system-on-the-cards/">The Manica Post</a>, Munetsi revealed that the ministry has already rolled out a pilot project to test the newly introduced electronic system. Said Munetsi:
<blockquote>
The mining cadastre portal is now a work in progress as we are currently at pilot test, and hope to launch the system in full soon.
The goal of establishing the mining cadastre portal is to provide an electronic platform for all stakeholders in the mining sector in Zimbabwe to engage directly with the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development.
</blockquote>
Munetsi said that the country has more than 60 extractable mineral deposits, but less than 10 are presently being commercially exploited for various reasons. He explained:
<blockquote>
Mining in this country has, for various reasons, been dominated by small-scale miners, who would then attract big capital for expansion.
Small-scale miners favour gold for various reasons, including that it is easy to find, and is ubiquitously distributed across the country, including in Manicaland.
It is also easy to mine and process using rudimentary tools, has a ready market, has no minimum or maximum size, and thus can be mined at any scale.
So, there has been bias towards gold mining at the expense of other economic minerals that are not that attractive to small-scale miners.
</blockquote>
Munetsi said price fluctuations, challenges with the marketing of minerals and the huge cost of extracting some minerals are some of the factors hindering mining in the country. He said:
<blockquote>
What I know is that of all the minerals that have been mined, the mines were abandoned, not because of exhaustion of ore, but other reasons such as declining prices. So mining is always intermittent as prices fluctuate.
For instance, mica miming which used to be very important in the 1930s ceased due to a drastic fall in prices. Now the mining of the mineral has resumed in Karoi.
Marketing is also an issue. There are many minerals that could be mined, but small-scale miners cannot meet the marketing requirements of quality, quantity and timeliness of supply. Also, the miners do not know how to search for markets.
For instance, silica has become one of the most sought-after minerals, but is not attractive enough, and being an industrial mineral, requires certain minimum and maximum qualities, which the miners do not want to be bothered about.
This applies to industrial minerals such as limestone and feldspar, among others.
Some minerals are not being mined because they require huge processing plants that require huge capital injection.
For instance, iron ore and other base metals. There is a lack of promotion and awareness by authorities on the various minerals and how they can be mined.
For instance, there are many different types of gemstones which are mined in neighbouring countries, which are not mined here.
Maybe those countries do not have gold that steals all the thunder like what is happening here.
</blockquote>
Earlier this week, the Government announced the immediate banning of riverbed mining following revelations that mining activities were causing water pollution, siltation and degradation of river channels.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The government is planning to set up a new electronic system to keep track of mining rights and licenses. This system will help solve disputes over mining claims that have ended up in court, delaying investments. A pilot project is already being tested. Zimbabwe has many mineral deposits, but only a few are being mined commercially, mostly gold. Price changes, marketing challenges, and high extraction costs are hindering mining in the country. Riverbed mining has been banned due to pollution concerns. The goal is to promote the mining of different minerals besides gold.

Electronic Mining Tracking System On The Cards, Says Deputy Director

The government of Zimbabwe has imposed an immediate ban on riverbed mining or alluvial mining due to its detrimental effects on the environment.
During a media briefing following the Cabinet meeting in Harare on Tuesday, Information, Publicity, and Broadcasting Services Minister Jenfan Muswere said alluvial mining has significantly contributed to water pollution, siltation, and the degradation of river channels, disrupting vital riverine ecosystems. He said:
<blockquote>
Cabinet considered and approved the Report on Alluvial Mining and Rehabilitation of Degraded Rivers, which was presented by the Minister of Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Rural Development, Honourable Dr Anxious Masuka, as Chairperson of the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Mining and Environment.
Cabinet noted that, ever since its commencement in 2011 across the country’s rural provinces, large-scale and mechanical alluvial mining or riverbed mining has resulted in water pollution, siltation, and degradation of river channels and disruption of riverine ecosystems. Cabinet directed that riverbed mining be banned with immediate effect.
</blockquote>
Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, and Rural Development Minister Anxious Masuka highlighted that some individuals are engaging in illegal riverbed mining without proper registration.
He also noted that many who do register with the relevant authorities fail to comply with legal regulations during their mining activities. Said Masuka:
<blockquote>
We have noted three classes of mining companies those that apply legally and adhere then those that apply but do something different, and then there are the illegal ones who just go to the river.
In banning we need to ensure that courts mete out deterrent penalties and fines; we felt that the fines are not deterrent enough and the experience is that some of the companies saw it is better to pay a fine than rehabilitate. It was felt that this was tantamount to environmental theft.
</blockquote>
Alluvial mining involves extracting valuable minerals and resources from riverbeds, floodplains, and other sedimentary deposits. The term “alluvial” describes materials deposited by water, including sand, gravel, and clay.
In Zimbabwe, this practice is prevalent in gold-mining regions and has led to severe environmental consequences, including the “death” of rivers, water pollution that affects both livestock and aquatic life, and increased siltation in rivers and dams.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

The government of Zimbabwe stopped all riverbed mining because it harms the environment. Mining in rivers causes water pollution and damages river ecosystems. Mining should be done legally, but some people are mining in rivers without permission. The government wants stricter penalties for those who do illegal mining. Alluvial mining in Zimbabwe is common in gold-mining areas and has led to severe environmental problems like polluted water, harmed animals, and dirty rivers and dams. No more mining in rivers in Zimbabwe for now.

Zimbabwe Bans Alluvial Mining

Dinson Iron and Steel Company has categorically refuted allegations of work-related deaths at its steel plant located in Manhize, Mvuma, Zimbabwe.
In a statement released on Monday, July 22, the Chinese-owned firm stated that contrary to reports circulating on social media, it has not recorded any fatalities since the inception of the project.
The company said the well-being of its employees, stakeholders, including the local community, and the general public remains its top priority. It said:
<blockquote>
The company wishes to unreservedly express that these unfounded allegations are baseless and intended to cause disinformation.
For the record, our company has not recorded any work-related fatality since the start of the project and for a project of this magnitude; it is a commendable safety record.
In response to the above tweets the government has dispatched several regulatory agencies including NSSA to investigate the allegations and they have all found the aforesaid allegations to be grossly untrue and baseless.
Dinson Iron &amp; Steel would like to assure the public that these claims are entirely unfounded and without merit. 
The organization’s top priority is the well-being of its employees and stakeholders including the community and the general public.
The company has an open-door policy for everyone who may be wishing to understand more about our operations.
Dinson will consider legal action against the peddlers of falsehoods.
</blockquote>
Dinson Iron and Steel Company has invested over US$1 billion into the Manhize steel project.
Once fully operational, the plant is expected to have an annual production capacity of around 2 million metric tonnes of steel.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Dinson Iron and Steel Company says there have been no deaths at their steel plant in Zimbabwe, despite rumors on social media. The company cares about the safety of its workers and community. The government investigated and found the claims were false. Dinson has invested a lot of money in the steel project and plans to produce a lot of steel. They are ready to take legal action against anyone spreading lies about them. The company is open to anyone who wants to know more about what they do.

Dinson Denies Claims Of Fatalities At Manhize Steel Plant

Local communities living near Chinese-owned mining operations in Zimbabwe have accused the companies of lacking transparency and accountability in their operations, reported <a href="https://cite.org.zw/communities-lament-challenges-from-chinese-mining-companies/">CITE</a>.
These concerns were raised during a recent meeting organised by the Zimbabwe Environmental Law Association (ZELA) and the Centre for Natural Resource Governance (CNRG).
The event was part of a project titled “Strengthening Extractives and Natural Resources Transparency and Accountability through Community Action and Parliament Oversight (STACAP)”, which aims to empower local communities to monitor mining revenue and hold companies accountable.
A villager from Gwanda in Matabeleland South Province, situated near a lithium mine, claimed that the Chinese company had bypassed the community and instead only engaged with traditional leaders. He said:
<blockquote>
They didn’t talk to the community. It’s like they are working with traditional leaders without us knowing what’s going on.
Even when they offer community benefits, they go through traditional leaders, who seem to be friendly with them, instead of following proper procedures.
This has caused divisions within the community, with some residents refusing to attend meetings organised by local councillors to address mining-related challenges.
</blockquote>
Dickson Munyumbu, a resident of Shurugwi in Midlands Province, criticised the Chinese-owned mining companies for allegedly failing to conduct adequate environmental impact assessments (EIAs) before commencing their operations. He said:
<blockquote>
They hold selective consultations. The law requires consulting nearby communities, but they don’t consider our views.
</blockquote>
Munyumbu also lamented the poor working conditions experienced by employees of the Chinese mining companies. He noted issues such as inadequate housing provided to workers and unacceptably low wages.
Munyumbu further criticised the mining companies for failing to fulfil promised social responsibility initiatives, such as the construction of hospitals that had been pledged to local communities.
Unica Pabwaungana, another resident of Shurugwi, highlighted the significant destruction of natural resources and heritage sites caused by the mining activities in the region.
Khumbulani Maphosa, the coordinator of the Matabeleland Institute for Human Rights (MIHR), condemned the companies’ overall approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR), saying it fell short of community expectations and needs. Said Maphosa:
<blockquote>
These donations of mealie meal and cooking oil feel like bribes to silence criticism. They distract communities from holding them accountable for environmental damage.
</blockquote>
Chinese mining companies have established a substantial presence in Zimbabwe in the wake of the government’s “Look East” policy.
The Look East policy was largely necessitated by the imposition of Western sanctions on Zimbabwe following the land reform programme.
The relationship between China and Zimbabwe has been politically significant, with the Zimbabwean government regarding China as a dependable partner amid the country’s isolation from Western powers.
However, many ordinary Zimbabweans living in mining communities feel that the Chinese companies can disregard Zimbabwean laws and infringe on the human rights of the local population with little fear of accountability.
On 13 July 2024, a Chinese national was filmed torturing Zimbabwean workers at the Makanga Mine in Bindura, Mashonaland Central Province.
The Chinese mine manager then whipped the workers, accusing them of stealing an unspecified amount of diesel from the mine.
In May 2024, a 58-year-old Chinese miner named Cai Yulong allegedly shot and killed a man from Chief Njelele in Gokwe after the victim and his colleague encroached into Cai’s mining claim in Zhombe, Midlands Province. Cai also reportedly injured the victim’s colleague during the incident.
In June, a 51-year-old Chinese national was arraigned before the Gweru Magistrates’ Court on allegations of raping and impregnating a 17-year-old local girl.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Summary:

People living near Chinese-owned mines in Zimbabwe are upset because the mining companies are not being open and honest about their operations. The companies are not talking to the local communities or doing important assessments before mining. They are also not paying their workers enough and not fulfilling promises to help the community. The Chinese companies have been involved in some serious incidents, like torture and violence against Zimbabweans. Many Zimbabweans are worried about the behavior of the Chinese companies and feel that they are not being held accountable for their actions.

Zimbabwean Mining Communities Lament Challenges From Chinese-Owned Companies

The Zimbabwe School of Mines (ZSM) in Bulawayo has launched an ambitious project to expand its Gemstone and Lapidary Workshop into jewellery making.
This initiative aims to empower students and local artisans with advanced skills to design and craft high-quality jewellery, utilizing Zimbabwe’s abundant gemstone resources.
In April, the Mineral Marketing Corporation of Zimbabwe (MMCZ) demonstrated its commitment to social responsibility by donating equipment valued at US$1.1 million for cutting and polishing gemstones to the school.
During a recent tour of the Gemstone and Lapidary Workshop by Bulawayo’s Minister of State for Provincial Affairs and Devolution, Judith Ncube, ZSM Principal Edwin Gwaze announced that the course design for jewellery making has been finalized.
The school is now focused on acquiring the necessary equipment to facilitate the production of jewellery items such as rings, necklaces, and bracelets, among others. Said Gwaze (via <a href="https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/zimbabwe-school-of-mines-to-venture-into-jewellery-making/">The Sunday News</a>):
<blockquote>
In the current setup, the students that we are training are taken through an incubation programme.
This programme is meant to equip these students with the skills to be able to start their own cutting and polishing factories.
This group has finished their final examination and we are now starting the incubation programme which is going to run for six months.
</blockquote>
He added:
<blockquote>
We used to have jewellery shops here in Bulawayo so let’s put our heads together, gather resources and make sure we empower young people to value- add and beneficiate raw minerals.
Let’s have equipment for the institution so that when students graduate they would have gone through all the processes.
The major focus was the gemstone sector where we have come up with courses in Gemology and also Gemstone Cutting and Polishing, so the Lapidary Workshop is a perfect fit into Vision 2030 because we are now creating skills that can beneficiate our gemstones.
In the past, we all know that gemstones were being sold in rough form and as a nation, we were losing millions of dollars because we were not value-adding our stones.
When you sell a rough gemstone you are losing more than 10 times what you could get if you were to value-add that stone, so I think this is a welcome development to the nation and the region.
</blockquote>
Zimbabwe has implemented a range of policies aimed at promoting mineral beneficiation and value addition within the country.
A key initiative has been the introduction of restrictions on the export of unprocessed minerals.
The rationale behind this policy is to stimulate the development of Zimbabwe’s domestic mineral processing capabilities, create employment opportunities, and generate higher-value exports.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Zimbabwe School Of Mines To Venture Into Jewellery Making

There are fears of cyanide poisoning at Upper Ncema Dam due to mining activities at Alice Farm in Umzingwane District, reported <a href="https://newsday.co.zw/southerneye/local/article/200027902/fears-over-cyanide-poisoning-at-ncema-dam">NewsDay</a>.
According to the Bulawayo City Council’s latest report, a heap leach pad is set to be constructed at Alice Farm in the Umzingwane District near Upper Ncema Dam.
Heap leach pads facilitate the extraction of precious metals (such as gold, silver, copper, or uranium) from ore through the use of a leaching solvent (e.g., cyanide or acids) which is sprinkled onto the ore heap.
According to the report, the proposed pad increases the risk of accidental spills or leaks into one of Bulawayo’s sources of drinking water. Reads the report:
<blockquote>
The proximity of the proposed pad to the Upper Ncema Dam increases the risk of accidental spills or leaks, which could lead to the contamination of the water body.
Cyanide is highly toxic and poses a serious threat to aquatic life and human health. The potential long-term damage to the ecosystem and the local communities cannot be ignored.
Environmental concerns associated with heap leach facilities revolve primarily around failure to contain process solutions within the heap leach circuit and their potential release onto the receiving surface and subsurface environment, with resultant impacts on the health of people, livestock and ecosystems.
</blockquote>
The report also says the applicant for the heap leach pad bypassed the crucial step of obtaining necessary approvals from relevant authorities, including the Environmental Management Agency. It adds:
<blockquote>
Immediate action is necessary to address this critical issue and ensure the protection of both the dam and the well-being of the people.
</blockquote>
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Fears Of Cyanide Poisoning At Upper Ncema Dam

The government has deployed more than a dozen teams across the country to carry out this year’s first quarter gold mobilisation exercise to boost the mining of the yellow metal which is backing the recently introduced Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG) currency.
This comes after the country recorded a 1,9% drop in gold output in the first quarter of 2024 due to leakages.
Speaking at the first Gold Mobilisation workshop, Minister of Mines and Mining Development, Winston Chitando said that the mobilisation teams were tasked with encouraging small-scale miners to formalise their operations and sell their gold through official channels such as Fidelity Gold Refinery (FGR). Said Chitando (via <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/local-news/article/200027203/zig-faces-new-threatas-gold-output-plunges">NewsDay</a>):
<blockquote>
For 2024 from January to April, the gold deliveries to FGR (Fidelity Gold Refineries) sit at 8,4 tonnes against a target of 40 tonnes by the end of the year. In 2023 for the months of January to April a total of 8,57 tonnes were delivered, this represents a 1,9% decrease.
Mineral leakages deprive the government of much-needed revenue from taxes and royalties. By working together, we can ensure that every ounce of gold extracted within our borders contributes to the national good.
</blockquote>
Chitando said increased gold production will boost the gold reserves and strengthen the ZiG’s value. He said (via <a href="https://www.newzimbabwe.com/zimbabwe-to-boost-gold-production-for-new-gold-backed-zig-currency/">NewZimbabwe.com</a>):
<blockquote>
Recently our currency was anchored on gold hence the need to ensure that all gold trade be done through the formal channels and eventually find its way to Fidelity Gold Refinery, our sole gold exporter.
This proactive approach by the ministry demonstrates its commitment to promoting the use of ZiG as a stable and reliable currency backed by tangible assets like gold.
Through these mobilization efforts, the ministry seeks to create a sustainable and robust financial ecosystem that benefits both the government and the citizens of Zimbabwe.
</blockquote>
The first gold mobilisation exercise will be conducted in all the country’s mining provinces which are Masvingo, Mashonaland East, Matabeleland South, Matabeleland North, Mashonaland Central, Midlands, Manicaland and Mashonaland West.
Chitando also revealed that in the first four months of 2024, large-scale miners delivered 4,3 tonnes of gold to FGR compared to 3,4 tonnes in the same period of 2023, representing a 26% increase.
However, gold delivery from small-scale miners, who are the main contributors to the country’s gold output, fell by 23% in the first quarter. Said Chitando:
<blockquote>
For small-scale miners, the gold deliveries to FGR have decreased from 5,2 tonnes in 2023 to four tonnes in 2024, a 23% decrease.
The small-scale miners have contributed 48% of the gold delivered to FGR for the year 2024 as compared to the 60% contribution for the previous year, 2023.
Over the years since 2020, small-scale miners have been the major contributors to gold deliveries to FGR contributing more than 60%.
However, for the year 2024, the contribution by small-scale miners ranges between 42% and 53% which calls for investigations into the decline in gold deliveries.
</blockquote>
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Govt In Gold Production Mobilisation Drive To Stabilise ZiG

Zimbabwe Mining And Smelting Company (ZIMASCO), the largest integrated ferrochrome producer in Zimbabwe, has reportedly compulsorily retrenched over 200 workers from its various subsidiaries around the country.
<a href="https://masvingomirror.com/zimasco-today-retrenches-200-workers/">The Mirror</a> reported sources as saying those retrenched workers are from the company’s operational centres in Mutorashanga, Shurugwi, Harare and Kwekwe.
In a notice of compulsory retrenchment written to each worker and seen by The Mirror, ZIMASCO offers no package and gives the workers May 31, 2024, as the last working day.
The affected workers have refused to sign the retrenchment letters in the absence of any mention of packages and the short notice.
Workers Committee chairman Davison Panganai told The Mirror that he was not at work and not aware of the matter.
According to the notice, ZIMASCO said it had taken the drastic move in response to poor prices on the international market and other challenges. Reads part of the notice:
<blockquote>
Further to the brief from the executive chairman shared with you recently, the Company hereby advises that your position was made redundant through restructuring and was declared excess to the company’s immediate requirements.
You have thus been listed for compulsory retrenchment which processes are commencing with immediate effect.
</blockquote>
In March this year, Impala Platinum Holdings’ Zimbabwean unit, Zimplats, initiated voluntary job cuts among its employees as a cost-cutting measure.
Zimplats offered its employees a minimum of three months’ pay in redundancy packages.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

ZIMASCO Retrenches 200 Workers

Some prominent government officials connected to ZANU PF bigwigs have reportedly established a cartel that is grabbing gold mining claims across the country.
<a href="https://businesstimes.co.zw/cartels-hit-mining-sector/">Business Times</a> reported sources in the mining industry as saying there is fierce fighting over the control of mining claims across the country.
An official of a mining association, who preferred anonymity told Business Times this week that the recent dip in gold output is attributable to clashes over mining claims. Said the official:
<blockquote>
Sadly, there are so many well-knit corruption syndicates involving high-ranking officials in the government, including the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development taking over the claims that are already occupied by some miners.
What we are now seeing is that some powerful figures are now coming with back-dated documentation on the mines which we have mined for close to a decade now.
Our members haven’t mined properly since January due to this fight and the situation has intensified across the country hence the reduction in gold output despite not having heavy rains.
</blockquote>
Wellington Takavarasha, CEO of the Zimbabwe Miners Federation (ZMF), said that there are several mining disputes. Said Takavarasha:
<blockquote>
There are a number of disputes. The miners can approach our offices and the provincial directors to resolve such disputes to bring sanity into the sector.
It has happened and it is happening but not on such a high magnitude as purported by some people.
We have seen orphans and widows encountering such problems but we are helping out to ensure they get back their claims back. The Mines and Mineral Act is clear that whoever started pegging will win.
</blockquote>
Mines and Mining Development Minister, Winston Chitando, promised to investigate the claims. He said:
<blockquote>
I will do my investigations into these matters but for now, you can send your questions in writing so that I can give you a comprehensive answer.
</blockquote>
Zimbabwe produced 30 tonnes of gold in 2023, 15% less than the previous year as electricity cuts and currency volatility impacted output.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Cartels Hit Mining Sector, Blamed For Declining Gold Output

Residents of Pumula North Suburb in Bulawayo accuse a Chinese quarry mining company, Hualin Investments (Pvt) Limited, of causing noise pollution and destroying road infrastructure in the suburb.
The roads, severely impacted by heavy-duty trucks transporting quarry materials, have led some kombi operators to avoid the Pumula North route altogether.
The Chinese company was granted permission to establish the quarry mine in 2021 by the City of Bulawayo and the contract is valid for 10 years.
Hualin is conducting quarry mining behind Pumula High School in the area, but the majority of residents are said to be against the venture.
A resident who spoke to <a href="https://newsday.co.zw/southerneye/local/article/200025641/pumula-residents-chinese-miner-clash-over-noise">Southern Eye</a> in an interview recently bemoaned the damage to infrastructure caused by the company. Said the resident:
<blockquote>
The infrastructure in the constituency is under threat of destruction, with some of the houses around the mine now having cracks due to heavy blasting at the mine, while roads have also been damaged by heavy-duty trucks.
</blockquote>
Another resident, Sikhumbulelo Dube, appealed to the Chinese miner to repair his cracked house.
Monica Dube, a resident from the peri-urban Methodist village said dust from the quarry is polluting pastures and their livestock is now feeding on dirt.
Ward 17 Councillor Sikhululekile Moyo confirmed the damage caused to the roads by heavy-duty trucks but also commended the mine for employing locals. Moyo said:
<blockquote>
What I know is that three-quarters of children with qualifications are from Pumula.
</blockquote>
Hualin Investments spokesperson Rodrick Moyo said the company’s operations are above board.
Moyo asserted that the company followed due processes and was monitored by inspectors from the Mines and Mining Development Ministry. He said:
<blockquote>
The mine has also implemented safety measures to warn residents living near the mine, including using notices, sirens and human personnel.
</blockquote>
Moyo also claimed that Hualin was ploughing back to the Pumula community through corporate social responsibility programmes. He said:
<blockquote>
The engagements have seen investments in local primary and secondary schools within Ward 17 for infrastructural development.
The Hualin scholarship programme pays school fees and registration for O-Level examinations for selected underprivileged students.
Water infrastructure is part of the 2024 development projects, and Babambeni Primary School has already benefited from a water kiosk to alleviate water challenges faced by locals.
</blockquote>
Chinese-owned mining operations in Zimbabwe are notorious for causing untold environmental degradation in the areas they operate.
Villagers living near these mines often complain about damaged roads and bridges, hazardous pollutants, and air pollution caused by the Chinese.
For instance, in Mutoko, where quarrying has been ongoing since the 1980s, the Buja people have witnessed cracks in their homes, debris from blasts, and overall environmental degradation.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Chinese Quarry Mining Company Faces Backlash In Pumula North

Zimbabwe’s gold deliveries fell by 22 per cent in February to 1.85 tonnes compared to the 2.38 tonnes delivered in January mainly due to reduced output from small-scale producers.
The small-scale miners normally account for about 60 per cent of the country’s total gold output.
Large-scale producers delivered more to Fidelity Gold Refinery (FGR) last month compared to their small-scale counterparts.
According to FGR, large-scale producers delivered 988.7kg, which translates to 53 per cent of the total for the month under review.
The small miners accounted for the balance of 47 per cent of the yellow metal output at 864.3 kg, representing a 31.76 per cent decline from 1266.51 kg in January.
Mines and Mining Development Permanent Secretary, Pfungwa Kunaka told <a href="https://www.herald.co.zw/gold-deliveries-to-fidelity-refinery-decline-22pc/">The Herald</a> that said the shift in the FGR payment modalities for gold miners, who were no longer receiving 100 per cent USD, resulted in the shift by some producers to lithium, which negatively impacted gold production. Kunaka said:
<blockquote>
The shift in FGR payment conditions deterred deliveries, in about three weeks we noticed significant declines in deliveries, but that is now sorted.
We have also witnessed a trend where small-scale miners are rushing to lithium mining, given that it is easier to extract, but the slump in lithium prices has seen them return to gold mining.
</blockquote>
Young Miners Foundation (YMF) chief executive officer, Payne Kupfuwa, said:
<blockquote>
As you know Fidelity used to pay gold deliveries 100 per cent in United States Dollars, but they (FGR) had reverted to paying 75 per cent USD and the remaining in local currency, this could have affected gold deliveries in February.
The situation has since been corrected and miners are now receiving their 100 per cent payment in US dollars.
</blockquote>
Gold is Zimbabwe’s single largest export by value, followed by platinum, together they account for over half of the country’s export revenue.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Gold Deliveries To Fidelity Refinery Decline 22%

Geo Associates has confirmed gas, light oil, condensate and helium deposits in Muzarabani, Mines and Mining Development Minister Zhemu Soda has said.
GeoAssociates is the licence holder of the special grant 4571 where the gas discovery has been confirmed.
Australia Stock Exchange-listed Invictus Energy holds 80 percent of GeoAssociates while the balance is owned by the indigenous group, One Gas Resources.
Speaking at a press conference in Harare on Monday, 04 March, Soda said that exploration activities in Muzarabani have resulted in further discoveries of gas, condensate, helium, and hydrogen. He said (<a href="https://www.herald.co.zw/gas-oil-discovery-changes-energy-game/">via The Herald</a>):
<blockquote>
Today we are here to make further announcements about the exploration activities that continue to happen in Muzarabani.
We are pleased to announce that from the 11 samples that were extracted, Geo Associates reported to Government yesterday that they made further discoveries of gas, condensate, helium, and hydrogen.
The hydrogen which they discovered does not contain hydrogen sulphide which is an undesirable constituent of our petroleum products and there is potential from the light oil which was discovered to be beneficiated to produce diesel, petrol and Jet A1.
This is a huge step in the realisation of our Vision 2030 where we aspire to become an upper-middle-income economy.
We do encourage the investors to roll out their commercialisation and monetising activities which they have intimated to Government.
The results are that the natural gas is of high quality with minimal impurities and that there is no hydrogen sulphide in the samples (which is an undesirable constituent in oil and gas).
Above all, the oil discovered falls into the light oil classification. This is the oil classification that produces diesel, petrol as well as jet A1.
The presence of helium and hydrogen which has also been confirmed becomes a welcome bonus from the Mukuyu deposit.
Zimbabwe is on course to be counted as a player in the oil and gas industry. There are unimaginable spinoffs for the economy and for Zimbabweans at large from oil and gas extraction and the attendant value chain activities.
</blockquote>
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

High Quality Gas Discovered In Muzarabani

Invictus Energy, an Australian oil and gas company has said gas samples retrieved from the successful Mukuyu-2 ST1 well campaign are set to reach the United States for laboratory analysis this week.
In its latest update on Tuesday, 13 February, Invictus said the results from the lab analysis are anticipated within 2 weeks and will provide confirmation of the samples’ hydrocarbon composition. It said:
<blockquote>
Invictus Energy Limited (“Invictus” or “the Company”), is pleased to provide an update of the gas samples acquired from the Mukuyu-2 ST1 well and gas discovery at its 80% owned and operated Cabora Bassa project in Zimbabwe…
Following the two gas discoveries from the Upper and Lower Angwa reservoirs in recently completed Mukuyu-2 / ST1 drilling campaign, the downhole gas samples acquired have completed export procedures and are due to arrive in the United States for analysis at the end of this week.
Initial analysis is anticipated to be completed within the next two weeks following which the Company will provide the results as soon as available.
</blockquote>
In December 2023, the oil and gas firm announced a second gas discovery at its Cabora Bassa project in Zimbabwe.
The discovery was made at the Mukuyu-2 well, which is located approximately 6.8 kilometres northeast of the Mukuyu-1 well. The Mukuyu-2 well was drilled using the Exalo Rig 202.
Invictus said during the drilling process, the Mukuyu-2 sidetrack well reached a total depth of 3,360 meters above the interval.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Invictus Sends Muzarabani Gas Samples To United States For Laboratory Analysis

The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ), has reportedly restored the 100% foreign currency payments to small-scale gold miners, who produce 62% of the country’s gold.
This comes after the RBZ announced late last year that all economic sectors were subject to a 75% uniform forex retention. The central bank said at the time:
<blockquote>
With effect from 1 November 2023, foreign currency retentions on exports shall be standardised at the level of 75% across all sectors of the economy and all special dispensations granted to some sectors of the economy shall be removed.
</blockquote>
Small-scale miners then pressured the RBZ to rescind the policy and resume paying 100% in foreign exchange.
Zimbabwe Miners Federation (ZMF) president Henrietta Rushwaya confirmed the latest development to <a href="https://businesstimes.co.zw/rbz-in-forex-retention-u-turn/">Business Times</a>. She said:
<blockquote>
Small-scale miners have been getting a 100% forex retention threshold all year round in 2023 and we didn’t suffer retention challenges.
There was an impasse for a week but the authorities were quick to resolve it.
</blockquote>
The Gold Miners Association of Zimbabwe CEO, Irvine Chinyenze said the 75% forex retention was going to promote the illicit flow of gold out of the country. He told Business Times:
<blockquote>
There was a danger that smuggling was going to be rampant as miners were going to look for more lucrative markets where they get value for money rather than lose value in the process.
This was going to reduce production at an alarming rate as miners were going to diversify to other sectors that wholly give earnings in US$.
Though we can’t quantify criminality, the country was going to lose over US$2bn in revenues if the current policy direction was not going to be reversed.
This was going to see a great deal of forex being externalised beyond the country’s borders thereby losing massive revenues along the way.
This was going to create an influx of gold mafia gangs as the authorities created a thriving environment for them to smuggle and externalise United States dollars through illicit deals.
</blockquote>
In 2020, Home Affairs and Cultural Heritage Minister Kazembe Kazembe said that Zimbabwe was losing US$100 million worth of gold every month through international smuggling rings.
In 2023, Al Jazeera’s Investigative Unit (I-Unit) claimed that Zimbabwe’s government was using smuggling cartels to sell gold worth hundreds of millions of dollars.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

RBZ Yields To Small-scale Gold Miners' Demand

Twenty-three cattle died in Rixton Village, Mhangura, Zimbabwe on January 13, 2024, likely due to cyanide poisoning. The Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) is investigating the incident. According to a statement seen by Pindula News, the police said the cattle died immediately after drinking water from a stream near a gold ore leaching plant. Read the statement:
<blockquote>
Police in Mhangura are investigating circumstances surrounding the death of 23 cattle due to suspected cyanide poisoning which occurred on 13/01/24 at Rixton Village 4. The cattle died on the spot after drinking water from a stream near a gold ore leaching plant.
</blockquote>
Cattle have great importance in Zimbabwe and Africa as a symbol of wealth. Losing 23 cattle, as happened in this incident, is a significant loss for both the individuals affected and the entire nation. Cattle are valuable assets that contribute to the national herd, so losing them means losing a substantial amount of wealth. It is a loss that impacts not only the immediate owners but also the wider community and the country as a whole.
This incident raises concerns about the discharge of water contaminated with harmful substances into rivers by gold miners, which poses risks to both humans and animals.
The case is not the first one of its nature. In March 2022, a Chinese-owned gold mine near Karoi reportedly spilt cyanide-laced slimes into the Angwa River, resulting in the death of fish and endangering the lives of villagers downstream. In July of the same year, it was reported that gold miners in Mudzi and Nyanga were releasing water containing poisonous substances, including cyanide and mercury, into rivers. This pollution caused the death of livestock and potential health complications for villagers. Kunyu Mining (Pvt) Ltd, a Chinese-owned company, was specifically highlighted as a major polluter, discharging waste into the Nyamombe River.
The pollution of rivers in Manicaland became so widespread that neighbouring Mozambique lodged a formal complaint with Zimbabwean authorities.
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