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The Ministry of Mines and Mining Development has advised artisanal miners to suspend operations during the rainy season because of the extreme risks of flooding, and collapsing shafts and tunnels.
Speaking at a media conference on mining precautions during the rainy season held in Harare on Monday, 15 January, Mines and Mining Development Minister Zhemu Soda also urged large-scale mining companies to observe safe mining methods and be compliant with all governance requirements. Said Soda (<a href="https://www.herald.co.zw/artisanal-mining-stopped-during-rainy-season/">via The Herald</a>):
<blockquote>
The Ministry of Mines and Mining Development would like to advise all miners, large-scale, medium-scale, and small-scale in particular artisanal miners across the country that the onset of the rainy season brings with it grave dangers and risks that are a threat to lives and potential loss of equipment and damage to mines.
During the rainy season we experience heightened risks in the form of flooding, drowning, weakened ground leading to fall and ground subsidence as well as slime dam breaches which unfortunately lead to loss of lives.
As a precaution, small-scale artisanal miners are advised to completely stop mining altogether and resume when the rains stop.
Furthermore, miners should cooperate with instructions given by Government authorities to ensure safe mining operations.
The Ministry of Mines and Mining Development inspectors shall be out in full force to ensure that there is compliance with all governance requirements failure of which punishment will be imposed.
Miners who received awareness training during the safety, health and environment campaigns by our Mining Engineering Department are reminded to put into practice what they learned.
They should also share good mining practices with their colleagues in the sector to save lives.
</blockquote>
Soda said medium and large-scale miners can continue with their operations during the rainy season but they should observe safe mining methods. He said:
<blockquote>
Avoid working or mining along rivers or waterways as shafts are likely to flood from rain upstream posing risks of drowning.
Avoid digging and blasting in old mine workings because soils easily get saturated and the ground becomes unstable and is bound to collapse at any time burying our miners alive. Pillar robbing underground should be avoided at all costs;
Avoid sinking shafts in low-lying areas as there is a danger of mines being flooded by free-flowing waters during the rains; Miners should take measures to divert free-flowing water from flooding workings.
</blockquote>
The suspension of all small-scale mining operations in the country follows the recent collapse of a mineshaft at Metallon Gold’s Redwing Mine in the Tsapauta area of Penhalonga which trapped 15 artisanal miners.
The miners dug their way out of the collapsed mine and eventually emerged onto the surface after four days in the belly of the earth.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Pindula News

Govt Advises Artisanal Miners To Suspend Operations During Rainy Season

Owen Jaison, one of the 14 artisanal miners who were trapped underground for three days after a mine shaft to a tunnel they were working in collapsed at Tsapauta in Penhalonga, Manicaland Province said that their escape from the belly of the Earth was a miracle.
Jaison (24), is from the Insiza District in Matabeleland South province, more than 460km away from Redwing Mine.
Narrating the artisanal miners’ harrowing experience to <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/local-news/article/200022011/buried-alive-for-3-daysredwing-mine-survivor-recounts-horror">NewsDay</a>, Jaison their escape “proved” to him that miracles exist. He said:
<blockquote>
It can only be God. It was a miracle and I now believe that miracles do happen.
</blockquote>
The horror started in the early hours of 04 January 2024 when Jaison and his colleagues were mining underground. He said:
<blockquote>
We heard a noise and realised that the shaft pillars were falling. We sensed that we were in danger.
The ground was wet and the walls of the shaft continued caving in towards us. The opening of the shaft was closed by sand and we had nowhere to go.
So we went deeper into the mine looking for escape tunnels, but to no avail. There was no time to sleep as we were determined to survive.
</blockquote>
The miners fed on underground tree roots while being haunted by the fear of underground explosions, gas poisoning, suffocation and mine walls caving in. Said Jaison:
<blockquote>
There was no time to sleep as we looked for tunnels to escape. We ate the roots of trees and drank dirty water. Some wept uncontrollably, while others were mired in confusion.
We told ourselves that we had to be psychologically strong. We prayed to God to give us more strength. We developed hope and the quest for survival kept us going.
</blockquote>
However, after three days most of the miners were exhausted and weak. He said:
<blockquote>
We prayed harder and told ourselves that we had to survive, otherwise we were going to die. The ground continued to cave in. So we had to go to the other side where the ground was still intact.
As we crept, pushing against the narrow walls, we noticed a crack and we went to investigate. We realised that the crack had been caused by the collapsed shaft.
We took rods and sticks and started digging into the crack. We dug up and crawled up the crack.
There were four of us who first went up the crack. We held each other’s hands as we dug and crawled up. It was not easy, but we had to survive.
</blockquote>
Jaisone chronicled how they spent hours digging into the crack, determined to reach the surface. He said:
<blockquote>
It was so painful to dig up the crack. Our bodies became weak because of hunger and severe thirst. Some of the younger miners were gripped with the panic of death.
When we realised that we were almost reaching the surface, we shouted to our colleagues to follow us.
The four of us then managed to break out and crawled out to the surface through the crack.
We then saw some people who were moving around searching for us and we shouted for help.
That is when we told them that the other guys were behind us. Fortunately, nine miners came out the way we did.
There were two left who could not make it due to fatigue, that is when the rescue team was notified and they brought a rope to pull them out. That is how we survived.
</blockquote>
Mines and Mining Development Minister Zhemu Soda has since suspended mining activities at Redwing Mine.
However, illegal mining facilitated by political elites and politically connected groups is said to be still taking place at the mine.
Meanwhile, Jaison has decided to take a break from artisanal mining, saying “I cannot gamble my life again”.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Redwing Mine Tunnel Collapse Survivor Recounts Horror

Acting President, Constantino Chiwenga, has applauded rescue teams that saved <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2024/01/08/metallon-corporation-update-on-redwing-mine-operations/">15 miners that had been trapped</a> at Redwing Mine. The miners were trapped on Thursday last week and were only rescued on Sunday. In a statement seen by Pindula News, the former military boss said President Emmerson Mnangagwa who is on annual leave, has ordered that a thorough investigation be conducted to establish what transpired. Read the statement:
<blockquote>
On behalf of His Excellency the President who is on a month-long annual break, Government and on my behalf, I deeply applaud the multi-agency teams from both Government and the private sector for a successful rescue operation which saved 15 trapped miners at the Metallon Gold-owned Redwing Mine in Penhalonga, Manicaland Province. Remarkable team-spirit and prompt response and mobilisation of resources by all concerned, including the mining sector, saved the fifteen distressed souls, giving our Nation nothing short of a miracle without any parallel in the world. The situation was dire. Massive tremors collapsed the mine, creating deep cracks around the mine, thus making all rescue efforts hazardous and painstakingly slow. It became a race against time. Happily the operation concluded successfully with all the trapped miners brought to safety. Government is most grateful to the teams involved, and to the 15 trapped miners who kept united and hopeful. Government keenly follows the miners as they currently receive medical attention, including counselling services.
Going forward, His Excellency the President, Dr ED Mnangagwa who keenly followed the rescue efforts throughout, has directed the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development to thoroughly and fully investigate this disaster so Government can draw necessary lessons and adopt appropriate measures A improve safety in the whole mining sector, regardless of ownership and nature of mining activity. Safety of mining workers and artisanal miners remain uppermost. Government is determined A ensure that impressive growth in the mining sector is underpinned by safety standards of the highest order in this strategic sector.
</blockquote>
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

Chiwenga Applauds Teams That Rescued 15 Miners Trapped At Redwing Mine

Metallon Corporation, the owner of Redwing Mine (which is being operated by Scott Sakupwanya’s Betterbrands) and Mazowe Mine, has issued an update on 15 miners who were evacuated from the Redwing Mine. The Redwing mineshaft had collapsed trapping them since Thursday 4 January 2024. They were evacuated on Sunday 7 January 2024. We  present the statement below:
<blockquote>
<h3>Update on Redwing Mine Operations</h3>
We are relieved to report that all 15 miners have evacuated to the surface and there has been no loss of life. Medical care and all necessary support have been rendered to the affected.
Metallon Corporation, the owner of Redwing Mine and Mazowe Mine, wishes to state the following;
Redwing Mine has historically operated as a formalised, large-scale mine. When the mine was placed under corporate rescue in 2020, and under the management of an administrator, artisanal mining was introduced on a wide scale. This incident occurred in one of the artisanal mining near-surface pits.
In 2022, the Supreme Court effectively removed the mine from corporate rescue. Since then, Metallon has been engaged in processes to restore formalised mining. As part of these processes, Metallon is ending unsafe mining practices, including all small-scale mining, and returning these operations to the formalised mining that Metallon has always conducted.
Metallon Corp. Management
</blockquote>
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

Metallon Corporation Update On Redwing Mine Operations

Fifteen miners who were <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2024/01/04/15-miners-feared-dead-at-a-mine-owned-by-mabvuku-tafara-mp-scott-sakupwanya/">feared dead after a mineshaft collapsed</a> at Redwing Mine which is owned by ZANU PF Member of Parliament (MP) for Mabvuku-Tafara Scott Sakupwanya have all been rescued. The mine which is in Penhalonga, Zimbabwe, is run by Sakupwanya’s Betterbrands company. The collapse occurred in the early morning of Thursday, 4 January 2024.
In an update, ZBC News reported that all 15 miners are alive and rescue efforts continue.
<img alt="" class="wp-image-269275 aligncenter" decoding="async" height="245" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px" src="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Miners-2-300x142.jpg" srcset="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Miners-2-300x142.jpg 300w, https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Miners-2-768x363.jpg 768w, https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Miners-2.jpg 1008w" width="518"/>
Redwing Mine resumed its operations in March 2023. The mine had been temporarily closed by the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) at the end of January 2023 due to more than 20 fatalities in 13 months.
Elton Makumbe, the mining director of Manicaland province said the decision to authorise the mine to resume operations was made based on the efforts made by the company to improve the situation in the area. The conditions for reopening included focusing on environmental protection, enhancing security against illegal miners, and ensuring the use of proper safety equipment.
Makumbe said it’s important to recognise that implementing these safety and environmental conditions takes time and effort. However, they can work on these aspects while continuing their mining operations and generating revenue. He added that the decision to allow the reopening of the mine considered various factors, including the economic impact on people’s livelihoods and the mine’s contribution to the country’s finances.
However, three civic groups, namely the Centre for Research and Development (CRD), Ziva Community Empowerment Trust, and Penhalonga Youth Development Ratepayers Trust, issued a joint statement claiming that 100 artisanal miners had lost their lives at Sakupwanya’s mine since 2020.
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

Miners Trapped At Scott Sakupwanya's Redwing Mineshaft: All 15 Miners Rescued

The Minister of Mines and Mining Development, Zhemu Soda has issued a statement detailing the accident that occurred at the Redwing Gold Mine owned by ZANU PF’s Mabvuku-Tafara MP Scott Sakupwanya. Earlier reports indicated that 15 people were feared dead after a mineshaft at the mine operated by Sakupwanya’s Betterbrabds company had collapsed. Said the minister:
<blockquote>
<h3>STATEMENT ON ACCIDENT AT REDWING MINE, PENHALONGA, MANICALAND</h3>
<ul>
<li>The accident happened between 0500-0600am today Thursday 04 January 2024.</li>
<li>11 people are suspected to be trapped underground about 20 metres below surface.</li>
<li>Cause of the collapse of the mine shaft is suspected to be an earth tremor whose source is yet to be ascertained.</li>
<li>The miners are suspected to have entered the mine through different shafts.</li>
<li>The Rescue team of Metallon Gold at Redwing Mine together with Inspectors from our Provincial Office went underground around 0900am attempting to rescue and had to retreat after noticing the ground still carving in.</li>
<li>The team tried again around 1200hrs and noticed that the ground had collapsed more.</li>
<li>Metallon as a company has indicated that it has sufficient capacity to carry out the rescue mission.</li>
<li>More cracks developed on surface and subsidence was noticed on surface around the mine.</li>
<li>The ground is still curving in. It appears like the miners had mined out support pillars.</li>
<li>I have established that Metallon Gold Redwing has been tributing mining areas at Redwing even to individuals. The shaft that collapsed was under some individuals and the people trapped were workers of the tribute. Management of tributed areas falls under the Principal owner, Metallon Gold in this case. Therefore, The Rescue team from Metallon has been leading in the rescue effort supported by Ministry of Mines and other stakeholders including ZRP and Civil Protection.</li>
<li>Of concern is the fact that the ground at this place is visibly cracking and subsiding and therefore is unsafe.</li>
<li>They will resume rescue activities tomorrow morning.</li>
<li>We maintain strong hope that these efforts will bear fruit.</li>
</ul>
Hon Z. Soda (MP) 
Minister of Mines and Mining Development 
04 January 2024
</blockquote>
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

Mines Minister Statement On Accident At Scott Sakupwanya's Redwing Mine

Fifteen miners are feared dead after a mineshaft collapsed at Redwing Mine which is owned by ZANU PF Member of Parliament (MP) for Mabvuku-Tafara Scott Sakupwanya. The mine is in Penhalonga, Zimbabwe. 
The incident occurred in the early morning of Thursday, 4 January 2024. The Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) confirmed the event without providing further details. Read the police report:
<blockquote>
The ZRP is waiting for full information from Officer Commanding Manicaland Police province on the alleged eleven miners trapped at Redwing Mine, Penhalonga.
</blockquote>
The police mentioned that they would provide more information at a later time.
Redwing Mine, managed by Sakupwanya’s company called BetterBrands, resumed its operations in March 2023. The mine had been temporarily closed by the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) at the end of January 2023 due to more than 20 fatalities in 13 months.
Elton Makumbe, the mining director of Manicaland province said the decision to authorise the mine to resume operations was made based on the efforts made by the company to improve the situation in the area. The conditions for reopening included focusing on environmental protection, enhancing security against illegal miners, and ensuring the use of proper safety equipment.
Makumbe said it’s important to recognize that implementing these safety and environmental conditions takes time and effort. However, they can work on these aspects while continuing their mining operations and generating revenue. He added that the decision to allow the reopening of the mine considered various factors, including the economic impact on people’s livelihoods and the mine’s contribution to the country’s finances.
However, three civic groups, namely the Centre for Research and Development (CRD), Ziva Community Empowerment Trust, and Penhalonga Youth Development Ratepayers Trust, issued a joint statement claiming that 100 artisanal miners had lost their lives at Sakupwanya’s mine since 2020.
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

15 Miners Feared Dead At A Mine Owned By Mabvuku-Tafara MP Scott Sakupwanya

The Zimbabwe Diamond Miners and Allied Minerals Workers Union (ZDAMWU) has expressed concern about the difficult conditions faced by workers in large mining companies in Zimbabwe. These companies include RioZim’s Cam &amp; Motor Mine in Kadoma, Renco Mine in Masvingo, Murowa Diamonds in Zvishavane, and the closed Dalyn Mine in Chakari and Empress Nickel Refinery. The union said workers are experiencing staggered salaries with no solution in sight, making 2023 a nightmarish year for them.
In their New Year statement for 2024, ZDAMWU expressed renewed hope for better prospects and welfare. They highlight the challenges faced by mine workers in 2023, such as underpayment of salaries, late salary payments, low wages, inadequate personal protective equipment (PPE), job insecurity, and shrinking salaries due to taxes and deductions. In a statement sent to Pindula News, the union’s General Secretary Justice Chinhema said:
<blockquote>
Zdamwu is concerned with hardships being faced by workers at big mining corporations such as RioZim who Cam &amp; Motor Mine in Kadoma, Renco Mine in Masvingo, Murowa Diamonds in Zvishavane and the closed Dalyn Mine in Chakari and Empress Nickel Refinery who are earning staggered salaries month in and month out with no solution in sight. We are concerned that over 1,000 workers of the closed Vumbachikwe Mine owned by Forbes &amp; Thompson in Gwanda might all be jobless if action to protect the mine from collapsing is not taken soon, They last got paid in September 2022 and are accumulating salaries while seated at home with nothing in sight towards opening the mine and a restoration of jobs of the said workers. Equally, we are worried with the situation prevailing at closed operations such as Mbada Diamonds, Shabani, Mashava, DTZ- Ozegio, Makomo Resources and recently Zhong Jian where workers are yet to be paid their terminal benefits so that they can have closure on their empowerment with these companies and start a new life.
</blockquote>
The union said it had hoped that the new Labor Amendment Act would bring relief to mine workers, particularly in the area of dispute resolution. However, the act created loopholes instead of providing the expected help. Many cases dating back to 2016 remain unresolved, causing workers to lose trust in the union. The safety of workers was also a concern, as there were fatalities and accidents throughout the year. The emergence of corrupt investors who prioritise profits over worker safety has further exacerbated the situation.
Moving forward, ZDAMWU has outlined its plans for the year 2024 and beyond. Their main goals include defending workers’ rights, fighting against unsafe work and labour casualisation, building union power through membership recruitment, confronting capital aggressively, and promoting sustainable transformation and industry development. The union aims to unmask and expose capitalists and “paper bag” unions that are causing harm and confusion in the industry. They also plan to engage in policy formulation to address their demands, such as profit sharing for improved living standards, share ownership for community and economic development, value addition and beneficiation of minerals for job creation, and an end to all forms of harassment and corruption in the mining industry.
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

ZDAMWU: In 2023, Mine Workers Endured A Nightmarish Year

Two illegal gold miners died just after midnight on Saturday at Vubachikwe Mine in Gwanda when the shaft they were working in collapsed.
The mine has been closed for a year after a strike by mine workers over salaries.
Police have identified the deceased as Nqobile Phiri from Esigodini and Thamsanqa Moyo from Gwanda.
Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) spokesperson in Matabeleland South Province, Inspector Loveness Mangena confirmed the incident to <a href="https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/two-die-in-mine-collapse/">The Sunday News</a>. She said:
<blockquote>
Other two panners were doing illegal panning, Bhekimpilo Ndebele (32) and Alex Mvendele (40) who heard the sound of people screaming for help inside a shaft.
One of them was also trapped but survived and was referred to Gwanda Provincial Hospital for treatment.
The bodies of the two miners were retrieved at 7 AM from the mine shaft and they are at Gwanda Provincial Hospital mortuary awaiting a post-modern.
</blockquote>
An illegal gold miner who identified himself as Ntandoyenkosi Nyathi said he was also working in the shaft with the deceased when a big rock fell and the shaft collapsed. He said:
<blockquote>
I saw a big rock falling from above and it hit the two guys who were carrying the ore. A lot of people who were in the shaft ran away. One of the deceased told me that he was dying and I should help him.
I then told him that the stone was too heavy and I could not lift it by myself. I went to look for help and when I came back he was already dead.
</blockquote>
Insp Mangena urged members of the public to desist from illegal gold mining saying they risk their lives.
Gold panning has become a common practice in Zimbabwe due to prevailing economic hardships, with children as young as 10 years old taking part in the illegal activities.
Gold panning provides a lifeline for some during difficult times, but the practice can have detrimental effects on the environment, including soil erosion and water pollution.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Two Gold Panners Crushed To Death By Huge Boulder At Vubachikwe Mine

Hwange Colliery, Zimbabwe’s oldest coal producer, has made significant progress in repaying its creditors since entering into reconstruction over a year ago. The company has already repaid over US$350 million of its US$400 million debt, thanks to deals facilitated by external administrators, <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/theindependent/local-news/article/200020961/hwange-colliery-pays-off-us350m-debt">the Independent</a> reported. The remaining US$50 million, owed mostly to foreign creditors and the government, is expected to be settled within the next two years.
Hwange Colliery, in which the government holds a 42% share, plays a crucial role in the country’s economy, particularly in power generation. The company has a direct conveyor belt connecting its coalfields to the Hwange Thermal Power Station.
To rebuild the company, administrators are exploring various options, including diversifying into agriculture. The colliery is also constructing a coke oven battery plant as part of its efforts to revive the business. According to Hwange Colliery administrator Munashe Shava, the reconstruction process is progressing well, with the company on track to clear its remaining debt within the next 24 months. He did not disclose the specific creditors who have been repaid. He told the Independent last week:
<blockquote>
The reconstruction of Hwange is progressing well.
We have done most of the modalities expected, which include producing the state of affairs report and having statutory meetings with the shareholders. We also met with creditors to map the way forward. We used to owe close to US$400 million, but now we are left with a debt of less than US$50 million, which we anticipate to clear in the next 24 months. This shows we are on the right track.
</blockquote>
The revival of Hwange Colliery has gained attention since the completion of a $1.5 billion upgrade of units at the Hwange thermal power station, which requires increased coal throughput. The power utility, ZESA Holdings, has been stockpiling coal to ensure uninterrupted supplies. Hwange Colliery, with extensive coal reserves spanning 222,000 hectares, used to produce 500,000 tonnes of coal per month, supplying regional steel companies and the now-defunct Ziscosteel. The company’s progress in repaying its debts and diversifying its operations bodes well for its future stability and growth.
<h3><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">More Pindula News</a></h3>

Hwange Colliery Has Repaid Over US$350 Million Of Its US$400 Million Debt

Invictus Energy, an Australian oil and gas company, has announced a second gas discovery at its Cabora Bassa project in Zimbabwe. The discovery was made at the Mukuyu-2 well, which is located approximately 6.8 kilometres northeast of the Mukuyu-1 well. The Mukuyu-2 well was drilled using the Exalo Rig 202.
During the drilling process, the Mukuyu-2 sidetrack well reached a total depth of 3,360 meters above the interval. It encountered over-pressured gas in the original wellbore. Invictus utilized a wireline formation testing tool to recover a total of 11 hydrocarbon samples from the Upper and Lower Angwa reservoirs.

<ul>
<li><a href="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Invictus-Energy-Update-15-Dec.pdf">Invictus Energy Update 15 Dec On 2nd Gas Discovery</a> </li>
</ul>
Following the recovery of the hydrocarbon samples, the well was prepared for wireline logging, and the samples will be sent to a laboratory for further analysis to determine the exact composition of the hydrocarbons.
Preliminary estimates based on wireline log interpretation suggest a net pay of 34.9 meters for the Mukuyu-2 well across the Upper and Lower Angwa formations. Additionally, the well intersected significant additional gross sands within the Upper and Lower Angwa gas legs, although they currently fall below the net reservoir cut-off.
The full potential of the resource size will be determined through further appraisal activities and technical evaluations of log, core, seismic, and well-test data. Invictus Energy’s Managing Director, Scott Macmillan, expressed delight at the additional gas discovery from the Mukuyu-2 sidetrack well in the Lower Angwa formation. He added:
<blockquote>
The discovery of gas in both the Upper and Lower Angwa greatly expands the resource in the Mukuyu gas field and marks another significant milestone for Invictus.
The Mukuyu-2 discoveries were drilled 7km away and 450m updip of the Mukuyu-1 discovery well which, confirms the incredible potential of the Mukuyu field, which has a structural closure of over 200km2.
This also provides the Company with substantial running room for identifying further potential discoveries within our commanding 360,000ha acreage in the Cabora Bassa Basin.
</blockquote>
Invictus Energy plans to keep using a wireline logging tool to collect more data about the well. They also want to get additional samples from the sides of the well and use a special technique called vertical seismic profiling to gather more information. They will then finish the sidetrack by placing a protective layer inside the well, which will allow them to stop the operations for now and test the flow of gas in the future. This will also give them a chance to check and test the remaining part of the Lower Angwa section.
The information they gather from the Mukuyu-2 well will be combined with their existing geological and geophysical data to help them decide where to explore and evaluate next in their large area of land in the Cabora Bassa Basin. They plan to conduct tests on the Mukuyu-2 well to see how much gas it can produce, and they also intend to drill more wells to assess their potential and search for new opportunities in the future.
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Invictus Energy Announces 2nd Gas Discovery In Zimbabwe

Invictus Energy, an Australian firm, which <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2023/12/07/invictus-energy-declares-gas-discovery-in-zimbabwe/">recently made a significant gas condensate discovery in Zimbabwe</a> is planning to build a gas-to-power plant to monetise the hydrocarbons.
GeoAssociates director Paul Chimbodza stated in an interview with The Sunday Mail that the company plans to quickly monetise the gas from Mukuyu-2 by building a gas-to-power plant. GeoAssociates is the licence holder of special grant 4 571 covering Mukuyu-1/2, and its partners Invictus Energy and One Gas Resources. Chimbodza believes that this discovery can be a game-changer for Zimbabwe’s exports and energy security. He is quoted as saying:
<blockquote>
We have made a gas discovery and it’s a significant discovery; the first of its kind in Sub-Saharan Africa for a very long time. It is the start of a very long journey; you recall we drilled Mukuyu-1 and Mukuyu-2, which are only seven kilometres apart.
We still have to cover an area of about 100 kilometres by 50 kilometres in extent. Because of the Invictus listing requirements, any material information that we come across, we are mandated to release it to the public. We hope this is the start of more positive news to come.
We are still drilling at Mukuyu-2. These results that we have just released are coming from a part of that, we still have another 400m to 500m of Mukuyu-2 to drill and we expect more positive results. You will recall, last year, the main failure for us to recover the fluid sample (from Mukuyu-2), which we have successfully recovered now, which is a precondition for you (to be allowed) to declare a discovery.
</blockquote>
In 2019, <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/2019/12/invictus-signs-500mw-gas-to-power-plant-mou">Invictus Energy entered into a non-binding memorandum of understanding with Tatanga Energy</a> to supply gas for a 500MW gas-to-power plant. The electricity generated by the plant will be sold to the national grid, as well as to various consumers in Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Zambia, including mines and industrial sectors. The supply term has been agreed upon for 20 years, and the plant will be built in two phases, with the first phase providing 150MW and the second phase adding 350MW.
Zimbabwe has been grappling with a severe electricity deficit, resulting in frequent power cuts that impact businesses and economic activities. With electricity demand peaking at around 2,200 megawatts (MW), the country is currently only able to generate half of its required power.
This gas discovery has been hailed as a game-changer for Zimbabwe, providing export opportunities and improving energy security. It also represents a significant development in the onshore oil and gas sector in Southern Africa. The Mukuyu exploration fields, where the discovery was made, are estimated to hold around 20 trillion cubic feet and 845 million barrels of conventional gas condensate. 
The company plans to continue exploration to assess the full extent of the gas deposits and potential oil reservoirs. In the meantime, Invictus Energy aims to start production at a small scale and gradually increase it over time. The company sees the gas-to-power plant as an early monetisation opportunity that can provide energy and revenue for the country while further exploration takes place.
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Invictus Energy Is Planning To Build A Gas-to-power Plant In Zimbabwe

Two men who were part of a group that had been hired to erect a perimeter fence at a mine in Filabusi were trapped underground and died after they had sneaked into a shaft to steal gold ore.
The deceased were identified as Nobert Banhu (24) and Naison Moyo (31), under Chief Skhobokhobo, Nkayi.
ZRP spokesperson in Matabeleland South Province Inspector Loveness Mangena confirmed the incident to the <a href="https://newsday.co.zw/southerneye/local/article/200020682/duo-dies-in-filabusi-mine-collapse">Southern Eye</a>. She said:
<blockquote>
I can confirm that I received a report on an incident in Insiza Mine in Filabusi. The circumstances are that on December 4, the two deceased with other mine workers spent the whole day fencing the mine.
It is reported that during the night the deceased connived to steal gold ore from the mine and entered the shaft.
A security guard who was doing routine checks realised that one of the mineshafts had collapsed.
The security guard alerted other mine workers who then retrieved the bodies.
</blockquote>
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Two Men Die In A Mine Shaft In Filabusi

<a href="https://pindula.co.zw/Farai_Maguwu">Farai Maguwu</a>, the founding Director of the Centre for Natural Resource Governance (CNRG), says Zimbabwe needs visionary national leadership for the nation to benefit from its abundant natural resources.
Maguwu made the remarks following an announcement on Thursday morning by Mines and Mining Development Minister Zhemu Soda that Geo Associates and its partners Invictus Energy and One Gas Resources have successfully declared a gas discovery in Zimbabwe.
Invictus Energy also announced on the Australia Stock Exchange that four samples from the Upper Angwa section of its Mukuyu-2 exploration well confirm the presence of gas at the site.
Posting on X, Maguwu said Zimbabwe has exploited diamonds, chrome, gold, platinum and lithium for years but has nothing to show for it. <a href="https://x.com/FMaguwu/status/1732676795076399109?s=20">He wrote</a>:
<blockquote>
Before we hype about gas, let us ask questions: What did we do wrong with diamonds, chrome, gold, platinum and now lithium? Why did these fail to transform our economy?
What shall we do differently this time? Otherwise, it is repeating the same things and expecting different outcomes.
Dubai, a favourite holiday destination for our leaders, discovered Oil in 1966. In 1969 it began exporting oil.
Instantly, its ruler Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, decreed that Oil profits would be used to transform the lives of his people. Today, the Emiratis are a prosperous people.
In 2023, they say Oil production now constitutes a tiny % of their economy. They have diversified to wholesale &amp; retail trade, transport and logistics, banking and capital markets, manufacturing, real estate, tourism, construction etc. It all starts with leadership.
If a desert-like Dubai, with only oil, can transform itself so rapidly, think of a country like Zimbabwe with the best climate in Africa, the best arable land in SADC, many minerals found in large quantities, vast tourism potential where all big 5 are found in their natural habitat.
The possibilities in our country are limitless. But it starts with a vision and political will.
</blockquote>
Scott Macmillian, Invictus’ Managing Director, on Thursday, said that “the discovery represents one of the most significant developments in the onshore Southern Africa oil and gas industry for decades”.
 Soda said that the “discovery will have a positive impact on the economic and social development of Zimbabwe”.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Without Visionary National Leadership, Gas Discovery Meaningless - Maguwu

Australian firm Invictus Energy has declared a gas find at its Muzarabani prospect in Zimbabwe.
Scott Macmillian, Invictus’ Managing Director, on Thursday, 07 December said that “the discovery represents one of the most significant developments in the onshore Southern Africa oil and gas industry for decades”.
In a statement, Mines and Mining Development Minister Zhemu Soda that the “discovery will have a positive impact on the economic and social development of Zimbabwe”. Read the statement:
<blockquote>
The Government of Zimbabwe is pleased to announce that Geo Associates and its partners Invictus Energy and One Gas Resources have successfully declared a gas discovery in Zimbabwe through the ongoing exploration activities in Muzarabani.
This is a major discovery and represents one of the most significant developments in the onshore Oil and Gas Sector in the Southern Africa Region. The discovery is the first Triassic-aged hydrocarbon in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Geo Associates has delivered an exceptional result from the first two wells drilled in Mukuyu, opening up substantial room in their large portfolio of prospects and leads for further discoveries.
The results were shared as should be the norm have now been shared with the Government. The company has also proceeded to make this announcement at the Australian Stock Exchange as per listing requirements.
A total of four hydrocarbon samples were recovered to the surface from two separate zones in the Upper Angwa using the wireline formation testing tool.
The samples meet key international standards and; gas and fluid properties will be confirmed following laboratory testing.
Currently, the Company is conducting further appraisal and evaluation work to confirm the size and quality of the gas reservoirs, and to determine the optimal development plan.
The discovery also bodes well for other prospects and leads in the remainder of the larger Cabora Bassa Basin.
This discovery is a result of the long-term partnership between Geo Associates and the Government of Zimbabwe, with the Government providing an appropriate mining title and a conducive regulatory and fiscal environment for the project.
Zimbabwe is proud and grateful for this cooperation, and we are confident this will unlock the full potential of Zimbabwe’s oil and gas resources.
We believe that this discovery will have a positive impact on the economic and social development of Zimbabwe.
Gas will also support the diversification of Zimbabwe’s energy mix, enhance its energy security, and create jobs and opportunities for local communities. We are confident that this discovery will open up new horizons for Zimbabwe.
Both the Government and the Investor would want to reiterate that this is gas a discovery, we have not yet confirmed the discovery of oil as further exploration, tests and evaluations are still ongoing. The discovery will change the economic landscape of the country.
The nation will be kept appraised and informed of developments over this oil and gas exploration project.
</blockquote>
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Invictus Energy Declares Gas Discovery In Zimbabwe

An elevator accident at an Impala Platinum Holdings’ (Implats) platinum mine in South Africa has resulted in the death of 11 workers and injured 75 others, with 14 in critical condition. The incident occurred on Monday evening at the end of the workers’ shift at a mine in Rustenburg. Implats has suspended all operations and launched an investigation into the cause of the accident. The Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy, Gwede Mantashe, has also announced a government investigation into the tragedy.
All 86 workers involved were in the elevator at the time of the accident. Some of the injured workers have suffered serious fractures. The elevator dropped an estimated 200 meters, though further investigations will provide more accurate details. The mine shaft itself is approximately 1 kilometre deep.
In a statement seen by Pindula News, Platinum Holdings Limited (Implats) said the elevator unexpectedly started going down while carrying workers to the surface. The rapid descent was stopped by the counterweight getting trapped. Emergency protocols were followed, and rescue teams were mobilised. Read the statement in part:
<blockquote>
Impala Platinum Holdings Limited (Implats) is devastated to report that 11 employees tragically lost their lives in the serious accident at Impala Rustenburg’s 11 Shaft at 16:54 yesterday afternoon. A further 75 employees were injured in the accident and were transferred and admitted for treatment to four hospitals in the region. The mine rescue operation is complete and all 86 employees are accounted for. 
We are presently in the process of informing and liaising with the impacted families in consultation with the Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU) and are working closely with the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE). All mining operations at Impala Rustenburg are suspended today.
</blockquote>
Implats CEO, Nico Muller, said:
<blockquote>
This is the darkest day in the history of Implats and our hearts are heavy for the lives lost and the individuals affected by this devasting accident. We are deeply shocked and saddened by the loss of our colleagues and are in the process of ensuring all next of kin have been contacted. Implats is offering ongoing support to the families and colleagues of those lost in service. We also hold our injured colleagues in our thoughts at this incredibly difficult time.
I extend my deepest gratitude to the local medical services from the Bojanala District and the Impala Medical Services team who worked tirelessly during this crisis to provide the necessary emergency paramedic services, secure additional ICU beds and ambulances, mobilise additional general surgeons and secure the support of three private hospitals to assist our Impala Hospital in caring for the critically injured.
We are also extremely grateful to all the proto and rescue teams for their tireless and courageous efforts, working under very difficult circumstances, to rescue our 11 Shaft team members. We value the efforts of all stakeholders coming together in this extremely difficult time, particularly the emergency responders.
</blockquote>
South Africa is the world’s largest producer of platinum, and the Impala Rustenburg mine is one of the largest platinum mines globally. The country has seen a decrease in mining fatalities in recent years, with 49 reported in 2022 compared to 74 the previous year. This is a significant improvement from the nearly 300 fatalities recorded in the year 2000.
Implats has a subsidiary in Zimbabwe, Zimplats, which operates the Ngezi mine and benefits from the support of Implats. Both companies are involved in platinum mining but have separate operations and management teams.
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South Africa: Elevator Accident At Impala Platinum Holdings' Mine Leaves 11 Dead, 75 Injured

Mberengwa residents voiced their discontent with Kuvimba Mining House’s failure to prioritise their needs and concerns. They expressed these concerns following an interview on ZiFM radio, hosted by Farai Mwakutuya, with Member of Parliament for Mberengwa West, Tafanana Zhou, on November 22nd, 2023. The interview centred around the lithium mining activities of Kuvimba Mining House at Sandawana Mine, situated along the Great Dyke.
The interview discussed various aspects related to the mining activities of Kuvimba House at Sandawana Mine and the development of the Mberengwa district. Key points included the relocation of Sandawana Primary School, road rehabilitation, engagement with the local community, employment opportunities, skill development, infrastructure improvements, environmental concerns, and the sponsorship of Chiefs’ courts and a hospital. Here are some of the important points discussed during the interview:
<blockquote>
1. Sandawana Primary School will be relocated from its current location. 
2. A road stretching about 10 kilometres from Sandawana to Zverenje is being rehabilitated to connect Mberengwa and West Nicholson. 
3. Kuvimba House has engaged with the local community through their leaders, particularly the Chiefs, to ensure benefits reach the general population. 
4. Tafanana Zhou called for the rehabilitation of roads in Mberengwa district and wants Kuvimba House to pave the roads. 
5. Sandawana Mine has employed approximately 1,000 local people since its reopening, with around 20% of employees being women. 
6. Local businesses are benefiting from the mining activities by supplying goods and services to the mine. 
7. Kuvimba House plans to build 16 Chiefs’ courts and is sponsoring the construction of a hospital. 
9. Tafanana Zhou expressed confidence in Kuvimba House’s efforts to mitigate environmental degradation. 
10. Local residents are suggesting the establishment of a plant for beneficiation in Mberengwa. 
11. Ordinary people in the area desire improvements such as better road infrastructure, hospitals, on-the-job training, and the construction of the Jeka Bridge. 
12. Tafanana Zhou said they won’t pressure Kuvimba into reconstructing the Jeka (Tandavarai) Bridge.
</blockquote>
Responding to the interview, residents expressed concern about the prioritisation of benefits for chiefs over community development projects. They argue that funds should be invested in initiatives like clinics, schools, infrastructure, and attracting further investment, rather than solely benefiting local chiefs. Said one resident:
<blockquote>
There isn’t anything for people with high academic qualifications from the locals which means little trickles into the communities by way of salaries. Secondly, the idea of overdoing things for chiefs in my view isn’t of any benefit to the suffering people. Chiefs already have hefty perks for doing nothing to the extent of being awarded all-terrain vehicles when police stations and clinics have nothing. Focusing on chiefs in my view is populist and counterproductive. Kuvimba should embark on more meaningful CRS such as perhaps equipping our clinics, and schools, ensuring communities have clean running water, rehabilitation of bridges dip tanks, tarring of roads and constructing a dormitory mini town to serve as a nucleus to attract further investment into the area. District administrators’ offices should be funded to decentralise and have a satellite station there so that our people begin to see development. 
</blockquote>
The residents also raised concerns about the lack of accountability and transparency in agreements and plans between Kuvimba and the chiefs. They question the absence of concrete timelines and information regarding the mining company’s investment in the community. Dr Takavafira Zhou, the President of the Progressive Teachers Union of Zimbabwe (PTUZ), said:
<blockquote>
There are certainly fundamental weaknesses in the submission by Mp Tafanana Zhou in the ZiFM radio interview.  There is virtually no timeframe for rebuilding and relocation of Sandawana Primary Schools by Kuvimba and the MP sees nothing wrong with that.
There is no timeframe for building a hospital and the MP sees nothing wrong with that.
Chiefs met Kuvimba representatives in Zvishavane but there was nothing concrete agreed upon except verbal promises, and the MP sees nothing wrong with that. Building 16 chiefs’ courts is certainly not a priority for the majority of the people of Mberengwa wallowing in poverty and misery, a consequence of natural resource plunder from Mberengwa during the colonial period and in independent Zimbabwe.
Assuming Kuvimba has employed 1000 locals which is doubtful, has the MP considered the number of workers the Co has? To date, Kuvimba has more than 5000 workers, and 1000 is insignificant. Kuvimba is also well known for its slave wages to general labourers.
Is the MP aware that the construction of a railway line from Mberengwa to Mozambique is at an advanced stage in order to enhance the looting of Lithium by Kuvimba?
</blockquote>
Residents also expressed frustration with the lack of infrastructure development in Mberengwa. They complain about the poor state of roads, bridges, and other infrastructure, and accuse the mining company of neglecting its responsibility to repair and maintain these facilities. Dr Takavafira Zhou added:
<blockquote>
Kuvimba destroyed the Sandawana-Chegato-Mabika-Yorks Road; the Sandawana-Danga-Yorks Road; Sandawana-Mataga road and is now running away from the responsibility of repairing the low-lying bridges, and tarring the roads and now prefers to go through Zverenje and the MP sees nothing wrong with that.
Today Kuvimba has plundered more than 2.5 million tonnes of Lithium from Sandawana and there is virtually nothing to show for this to the people of Mberengwa.
</blockquote>
Residents compare the lack of community development in Mberengwa to other mining areas where mines have invested in schools, clinics, and infrastructure projects. Said another resident:
<blockquote>
Other communities where there are mines have benefited a lot. Check communities around Mimosa Mine, Zimplats, and Unki. Here in Mberengwa mines don’t even bother to construct proper roads for accessing their mines. We will definitely benefit from those roads as well. Mimosa has built a lot of schools, and clinics, and upgraded the Zvishavane District Hospital to a better standard. If the same can happen in Mberengwa we will be grateful. Just schools and hospitals would be a bare minimum. Or at least adding ma block pazvikoro (at schools) or textbooks, computers and stationery.
</blockquote>
Another resident said:
<blockquote>
Mberengwa is always open to looting. Where are Inyala Mine, Rhonda Mine even the Original Sandawana Mine?
</blockquote>
Residents also called for better representation and understanding of their community’s needs from leaders. They criticised current leaders for prioritising their own interests and called for leaders who prioritise sustainable development and have a better understanding of the community’s needs. Said a resident named Martin:
<blockquote>
It’s tragic. Our leaders, political and traditional, put themselves ahead of the people. There can be no better illustration. Chief should have identified more needy people from within their communities instead. But l guess that’s the African way. Mukuru ndiye anotanga kunhonga nyama.
</blockquote>
There is also criticism of the Member of Parliament for not actively engaging with the local populace and adequately representing their interests. Fumed one resident:
<blockquote>
The legislator needs a lot of help from Lithium Community Group. Let Public Relations or a spokesman/person talk for the mine. Kwete kuti Jeka Bridge rino divider attention ye Kuvimba House. The Legislator does not know the depth of the Mining House’s purse. Yes, the Mining Giant may have their own plans but there is nothing wrong in asking them to look Eastwards. As they have embarked on this huge mining venture they may receive big heavy mining equipment by railway via Ngungumbane who knows.
Jeka Bridge has stood unattended for far far too long. It’s now a nasty eye sore. Zvinotonyadzisa kuti (it’s embarrassing) how many MPs have come and gone vachisiya rakadaro (leaving the bridge in its poor state).
</blockquote>
The Jeka/Tandavarai Bridge, located on the Mwenezi River, was swept away by floods in 2017 when the Chimwe Dam walls were breached. As a result, villagers from both sides were unable to cross the river for nearly two months due to the ongoing flooding. Although attempts were made to restore the bridge, it is now described as a makeshift structure. Additionally, there are allegations that the funds allocated for the bridge’s rehabilitation were misappropriated.
<figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-199820" class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_199820" style="width: 510px"><img alt="MBERENGWA JEKA BRIDGE BEFORE IT WAS SWEPT" class="wp-image-199820" decoding="async" height="466" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px" src="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/MBERENGWA-JEKA-BRIDGE-BEFORE-IT-WAS-SWEPT-300x274.jpg" srcset="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/MBERENGWA-JEKA-BRIDGE-BEFORE-IT-WAS-SWEPT-300x274.jpg 300w, https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/MBERENGWA-JEKA-BRIDGE-BEFORE-IT-WAS-SWEPT-768x701.jpg 768w, https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/MBERENGWA-JEKA-BRIDGE-BEFORE-IT-WAS-SWEPT.jpg 810w" width="510"/><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-199820">Jeka Bridge before the 2017 floods</figcaption></figure> <figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-267011" class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_267011" style="width: 475px"><img alt="" class="wp-image-267011" decoding="async" height="339" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 475px) 100vw, 475px" src="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Jeka-Bridge-mberengwa-300x214.jpg" srcset="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Jeka-Bridge-mberengwa-300x214.jpg 300w, https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Jeka-Bridge-mberengwa.jpg 700w" width="475"/><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-267011">Jeka Bridge after it was swept away by Cyclone Dineo-induced floods in Mberengwa. – Pictures by Believe Nyakudjara</figcaption></figure> <figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-199812" class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_199812" style="width: 299px"><img alt="Jeka tandavarai bridge" class="wp-image-199812" decoding="async" height="399" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 299px) 100vw, 299px" src="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/WhatsApp-Image-2021-03-21-at-09.50.25-225x300.jpeg" srcset="https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/WhatsApp-Image-2021-03-21-at-09.50.25-225x300.jpeg 225w, https://news.pindula.co.zw/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/WhatsApp-Image-2021-03-21-at-09.50.25.jpeg 612w" width="299"/><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-199812">Makeshift Jeka Bridge</figcaption></figure>
 
Mberengwa residents made the following recommendations:
1. Provide scholarships or sponsorships for individuals with high academic qualifications from the local community to pursue tertiary education in programs that will benefit the community. 
2. Introduce a book fund to provide reading materials at schools. 
3. Establish a vocational training centre for local artisans. 
4. Fast-track the upgrading of referral hospitals to benefit the entire district. 
5. Encourage other stakeholders to contribute to the development of the Mberengwa district. 
6. Pledge a certain percentage of revenue for community development projects through the chiefs. 
7. Conduct environmental impact assessments and promote local processing of lithium. 
8. Repair and maintain infrastructure in Mberengwa. 
9. Ensure fair representation and understanding of community needs by leaders. 
10. Improve accountability and transparency in agreements and plans between Kuvimba and the community. 
11. Create job opportunities and provide fair wages for local workers. 
12. Invest in community development projects like schools, clinics, and infrastructure. 
13. Engage with the community (not local leadership but the common man), represent their interests, and prioritize sustainable development. 
14. Share community dividends from the resources accruing in Mberengwa. 
15. Address the environmental impact and health concerns caused by mining activities. 
16. Prioritize community development over benefits for chiefs. 
19. Provide ambulances and upgrade hospitals for the general population. 
20. Ensure equal development and investment in Mberengwa as in other mining areas.
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Mberengwa Residents Not Happy With Lithium Miner Kuvimha House, MP Tafanana Zhou

The Government says it has taken action against rogue miners who refuse to follow the law.
The measures taken by the Government to deal with errant miners include imposition of fines, confiscation of explosives and suspensions of operating licences.
This was said by the Minister of Information, Publicity and Broadcasting Services Jenfan Muswere at a recent Post Cabinet Press Briefing.
Muswere said Cabinet received and adopted a report on the Responsible Mining Audit as presented by the Minister of Mines and Mining Development, Zhemu Soda. He added:
<blockquote>
Regarding Small Scale Mines, with a labour force of up to 200 employees, the audit established that most of them are not complying with the legal transportation and licensing issues.
The nation is being informed that in all the identified transgressions, corrective action is taken including the following: imposition of fines; confiscation of explosives; suspensions from operating licences; cautions with instructions to regularise within a stipulated time frame.
The Responsible Mining Audit came up with a number of useful recommendations which the government is implementing and the Inter-ministerial Committee should continue to develop other solutions.
The nation is being informed that large-scale mines, with at least 1 000 employees, are to a large extent, complying with mining laws, environmental laws, Zimbabwe Revenue Authority, Immigration, labour and energy regulations. There are however isolated cases where immigration laws are being violated.
</blockquote>
President Emmerson Mnangagwa launched a Responsible Mining Audit on 11 May 2023 aimed at ensuring that all mining operations are conducted in compliance with the country’s laws.
The audit was conducted in eight of the country’s ten provinces namely: Mashonaland Central, Midlands, Masvingo, Manicaland, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South, Mashonaland West, and Mashonaland East.
The audit covered 422 mining sites or locations in these provinces.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2023/11/18/president-mnangagwa-reverses-the-appointment-of-general-valerio-sibanda-to-zanu-pf-politburo/">Pindula News</a>

Govt Suspends Mining Licences For Violating Laws

Zimbabwe’s monthly gold deliveries are expected to decrease by almost half of the usual two tonnes due to protests by artisanal and small-scale miners against the government’s recent policy change. Previously, these miners were receiving 100% of their payments in hard currency, but now they are required to receive 75% in US dollars and the remaining amount in Zimbabwe’s currency.
The policy change is believed to be an attempt by the government to raise civil service bonuses. Artisanal and small-scale miners, also known as Makorokoza/Amakorokoza, contribute about 60% of the country’s gold output.
According to sources at the government-owned Fidelity Gold Refinery, gold deliveries have been slow and have not exceeded one tonne with only 14 days left in the month.
Although the country has been facing economic difficulties for the past decade, the payment of bonuses to civil servants usually takes place in November. An anonymous source told NewZimbabwe:
<blockquote>
The situation is not looking good, deliveries have considerably gone down and this will definitely have an impact on the national purse. 
 We hear this was meant to raise money to pay civil servants’ bonuses but from what we are seeing the plan is backfiring. Artisanal miners have virtually stopped deliveries because they feel government should have communicated or discussed with them. 
 Most of them rarely use the local currency, they do not have bank accounts or use RTGS transfer platforms, they only know US dollars.
</blockquote>
During a parliamentary session, Mines Deputy Minister <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/Polite_Kambamura/">Polite Kambamura</a> addressed concerns regarding the payment of artisanal miners. He stated that mobile gold buying units have been introduced by Fidelity Printers to enable miners in remote areas to sell their gold legally. Moreover, licenses are being issued to private buyers to purchase gold directly from mining areas. However, artisanal miners claim that they have not received the promised 25% payment.
Gold is one of the major sources of foreign currency for Zimbabwe. Usually, mining activities slow down during the first and fourth quarters of the year because of rainy seasons. The rain increases the risk of landslides and mine collapses, which can be dangerous for miners.
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Zimbabwe's Monthly Gold Deliveries Expected To Decrease By Almost Half

Large-scale miners project electricity demand and diesel consumption in the sector to increase by 20 percent and 35 percent respectively in 2024 due to ongoing capital projects.
According to a State of Mining Industry Survey Report for 2024 released by the Chamber of Mines last week, the mining sector is expected to consume more electricity and diesel next next compared to this year. Part of the report seen by the <a href="https://www.chronicle.co.zw/electricity-demand-expected-to-go-up-20-percent/">Chronicle</a>, reads:
<blockquote>
On average, mining executives are expecting their operations to consume more power in 2024, compared to 2023. Analysis of survey data shows that electricity demand is expected to increase by around 20 percent in 2024 while diesel consumption is expected to increase by 35 percent. Most respondents cited ongoing capital projects as the major drivers of energy.
</blockquote>
The report, however, noted that mining executives reported that power supply was generally fragile and unscheduled power outages have resulted in production stoppages and output losses.
The mining executives recommended prioritisation of mining companies for available power and incentivise private power projects including tax incentives to support investments in Independent Power Projects that supplement available power.
The Zimbabwe Power Company (ZPC) is currently generating just over 1 000MW, which is far below the required 1 800MW and this has resulted in prolonged power cuts.
Last year, the Government tabled various incentives to attract investments in renewable energy, which include guarantees for investors to remit dividends in foreign currency and be able to repay offshore loans, in a bid to meet its target.
The Zimbabwe National Renewable Energy Policy, launched in 2019 set the target of achieving a renewable capacity of 1 100MW or 16.5 percent of overall electricity supply by 2025.
By 2030, it targets 2 100MW or 26.5 percent of the overall supplies, which is in line with its pledge to reduce greenhouse emissions by 2030.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Mining Executives Expect Electricity Demand To Rise By 20 Percent In 2024

The mining industry recorded an increase in mining accidents during the period January to July 2023, compared to the same period last year.
According to the latest State of Mining Industry Survey Report for 2024 released by the Chamber of Mines last week, the mining industry reported 110 fatal accidents during the period January to July 2023, compared to 106 fatal accidents during the same period last year.
The 110 accidents resulted in 120 fatalities and 92 percent of the accidents reported during the period under review occurred underground, with large-scale operations contributing 18 percent to the total accidents. Part of the report reads:
<blockquote>
Of the 20 accidents reported for large-scale mines, 80 percent were in underground operations. Illegal mining operations contributed 22 percent to the total number of accidents. The small-scale mining industry contributed 60 percent to the total number of fatal accidents.
</blockquote>
Speaking to the <a href="https://www.chronicle.co.zw/mining-fatalities-soar-illegal-mining-blamed-for-workplace-accidents/">Chronicle</a>, Chamber of Mines president, Thomas Gono, said that there is a need to educate miners on safe mining methods. He said:
<blockquote>
We are in the process of segmenting the country into different mining districts and identifying large and small-scale miners.
On a quarterly basis, we are going to have stakeholder meetings to discuss safe mining practices to indicate to miners that sustainable mining is more beneficial than haphazard mining.
We are of the view that the awareness programmes will reduce mining accidents.
Most accidents happen because of unsafe methods of mining, therefore, we need to also consult the Government.
</blockquote>
Young Miners Foundation chief executive officer, Payne Kupfuwa, said they are concerned over deaths and injuries that occur in disused mines. He said:
<blockquote>
As an organisation, we have come up with deliberate programmes where we are encouraging people to formalise by grouping themselves into syndicates of six to secure mining rights in different provinces and areas.
</blockquote>
Meanwhile, the Chamber of Mines said that most mining companies have adopted zero-harm initiatives, such as occupational safety and health accidents promotion and environmental protection in order to reduce fatal accidents and other negative impacts of mining on society.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

120 Miners Killed From January To July 2023

Chinese Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Zhou Ding, stated that Zimbabwe currently lacks the capacity to produce battery-grade lithium, despite possessing significant lithium reserves. Zimbabwe holds some of the world’s largest deposits of hard rock lithium, a crucial mineral for clean energy technologies.
Speaking during a breakfast meeting in Harare, Ambassador Zhou Ding highlighted the challenges faced by Zimbabwe, which hinder its ability to fully capitalize on the benefits of the lithium sector. <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/local-news/article/200017973/zim-not-yet-ready-to-develop-lithium-batteries">NewsDay</a> quotes him as saying:
<blockquote>
China fully supports the Zimbabwean government’s vision for value addition and low-carbon development through the expansion of the mining industry, particularly in the lithium sector. However, Rome was not built in a day.
Zimbabwe may face some challenges in developing battery-grade lithium in the short term. First, some main raw materials, such as sulphuric acid  for making battery-grade lithium is dependent on imports with high costs. 
Lithium processing is highly energy-intensive, insufficient power supply and high electricity price constrained the production of battery-grade lithium. Third, in the long term, Zimbabwe’s new energy industry may face competition from neighbouring countries, such as South Africa, Zambia. Therefore, further investing in the new energy mining in Zimbabwe needs more in-depth market research and relevant support measures.
</blockquote>
Despite Zimbabwe’s possession of significant lithium deposits, the country has primarily focused on mining petalite, a form of lithium used in ceramics, aluminium smelting, and glass production, through Bikita Minerals since the 1950s. However, in recent times, Chinese mining companies such as Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt, Sinomine Resource Group, and Chengxin Lithium Group have made substantial investments totalling $678 million in acquiring lithium mines and projects in Zimbabwe. 
During the event, Suston Muzenda, the chief director of the Transport Ministry, highlighted the challenges faced by the transport industry in Zimbabwe. He emphasized the struggles caused by limited accessibility and high operating costs. Muzenda stated that the government aims to address these issues by promoting e-mobility as a potential solution to the transportation crisis.
Muzenda said the current landscape of the transport sector hinders the competitiveness of local products and poses difficulties for vulnerable communities, both in urban and rural areas. He added:
<blockquote>
It is clear that we require a transformative solution and that solution lies in embracing e-mobility — the adoption of electric vehicles and the development of a sustainable transportation ecosystem.
</blockquote>
Zhou Ding’s remarks come less than a week after the <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/Harare_Institute_of_Technology/">Harare Institute of Technology (HIT)</a> in Zimbabwe announced that it had <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2023/010/07/harare-institute-technology-hit-zimbabwe-makes-progress-in-producing-lithium-batteries/">made significant progress in the production of lithium batteries</a> for passenger vehicles, the state-run <a href="https://www.chronicle.co.zw/zimbabwe-starts-lithium-car-batteries-production/">Chronicle</a> reported. This breakthrough has the potential to accelerate the country’s involvement in clean energy technologies. HIT said it had successfully purified lithium phosphate and manufactured prototype cells, marking a significant step towards commercial production.
The university’s Vice Chancellor, Dr. <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/Quinton_Kanhukamwe/">Quinton Kanhukamwe</a>, announced their vision to commence commercial production of lithium batteries for vehicles in 2024 during HIT’s 14th graduation ceremony where President <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/Emmerson_Mnangagwa/">Emmerson Mnangagwa</a> capped 639 students, with 38.8% of them being female graduates.
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Chinese Ambassador Says Zimbabwe Lacks Capacity To Produce Battery-grade Lithium

The Government has declared a State of Disaster on the Bayhorse Mine accident in Chakari, Chegutu District, Mashonaland West Province that resulted in the death of 10 people on Friday last week.
A total of 39 miners were trapped in a kilometre-long tunnel at the mine and by Saturday, 22 of the trapped miners had either escaped or been rescued.
Addressing the media following the weekly Cabinet meeting on Wednesday, Information Minister, Jenfan Muswere said the mine accident has been declared a State of Disaster. Said Muswere:
<blockquote>
Cabinet received updates on the Bayhorse mine disaster in Mashonaland West and the plane crash in Mashava in Masvingo province, which both occurred on 29 September 2023, as reported by the Minister of Local Government and Public Works, Honourable Winston Chitando.
Regarding the Bayhorse mine disaster, Cabinet advises that it has since been confirmed that a total of 39 miners were trapped in a kilometre-long tunnel at the mine on the fateful day.
A total of 13 people escaped when the mine collapsed, nine were rescued, four bodies were retrieved, six are still trapped under a large boulder, while seven are missing.
Government had instituted the following interventions: A State of Disaster has been declared by His Excellency the President, Dr. Cde. E.D. Mnangagwa.
The District Civil Protection Committee was activated, and it promptly reacted by assessing the situation and coordinating the response efforts, including engaging surrounding mining companies to assist in the rescue operations and establishing a Command Centre at the mine.
The deceased have been accorded State-assisted funerals, which cover burial services, provision of grain and funds to manage the burials.
The mine owner is providing food for the rescue team as well as assisting with burial arrangements.
</blockquote>
He said efforts to retrieve the remaining bodies and account for the missing persons are ongoing.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Bayhorse Mine Accident Declared A State Of Disaster

Mines and Mining Development Minister Zhemu Soda has revealed that the Bayhorse Mine accident was a result of haphazard extraction methods that were supervised by unqualified personnel, reported <a href="https://www.newzimbabwe.com/shoddy-extractive-methods-triggered-bayhorse-mine-disaster-minister-zhemu/">NewZimbabwe.com</a>.
More than nine miners were killed in the accident which occurred on Friday last week at Bayhorse Mine in Chakari, Chegutu District, Mashonaland West Province.
Addressing the media in Harare during a Gold Mobilisation Send-Off workshop held Monday, Soda blamed the mine authorities for the accident. He said:
<blockquote>
The accident at Chakari happened as a result of non-compliance, so in as much as we could be talking of the water (logging), to us, the accident was mainly due to human error.
We are also hearing that there was no qualified mine manager at the affected mine who could actually give guidance on what could be undertaken in the shafts.
</blockquote>
Soda revealed that the Ministry of Mines was only informed about the accident six hours later and as a result, mining engineers could not be deployed to the scene timeously. He said:
<blockquote>
The most unfortunate thing is how the information was relayed to the Ministry of Mines after the accident; the police called us at 4 pm when the accident had occurred at 10 am.
So, our mining engineers had to be mobilised to the scene and started working with other stakeholders who had already converged at the mine to provide rescue operations.
During the night of that same Friday, two bodies were retrieved, and eight miners were rescued and taken to hospital.
Two more bodies were retrieved the following day, and as we speak, we are still to account for some people.
However, we hear from the rescue teams that some people were seen trapped in tunnels, suggesting that they could be dead.
</blockquote>
Soda acknowledged there were conflicting figures for fatalities, missing persons and survivors.
Mines Deputy Minister, Polite Kambamura visited the accident site on Saturday and said he was briefed that 34 employees had entered the gold mine when the shaft collapsed.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

"Human Error" Caused Bayhorse Mine Disaster - Minister Soda

The Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) has announced the names of four victims of a mine accident that occurred last week in Kadoma.
A mine shaft collapsed on 39 artisanal miners on 29 September at Bayhorse Mine, Chegutu, Mashonaland West Province.
ZRP spokesperson Assistant Commissioner Paul Nyathi said the four victims were positively identified by their next of kin. The deceased have been identified as follows:
<ul>
<li>Forbes Murombedzi (24) of Village 11 Musengezi, Zvimba</li>
<li>Tawanda Gavaza (28) of Village 11, Musengezi Resettlement, Chegutu</li>
<li>Godfree Baro (27) of Mariyapera Compound, Durawalls, Chegutu</li>
<li>Lloyd Mashavave (40) of Waverly, Kadoma</li>
</ul>
Assistant Commissioner Nyathi said the bodies of the victims were taken to Chegutu General Hospital for post-mortem.
He added that nine mine workers were rescued and are admitted at Kadoma General Hospital.
The Police spokesperson said more information pertaining to the incident will be released in due course as rescue operations are still underway.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Four Chegutu Mine Accident Victims Identified

Shares of Vast Resources PLC dropped by 24% following the mining company’s announcement regarding a delay in progressing the settlement for the release of diamonds held in custody at the <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/Reserve_Bank_of_Zimbabwe/">Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ)</a>. The delay was attributed to the recent elections that took place in the country.
As of 0707 GMT, Vast Resources’ shares were down by 0.06 pence, trading at 0.19 pence.
In a statement released on Monday, Vast Resources expressed confidence in finalizing the process to release the historic parcel of 129,400 carats of rough diamonds held by the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe since 2010. The company assured investors that it would report further progress on the matter.
Vast Resources initiated formal legal action in December through the High Court of Zimbabwe to advance the release of the diamond parcel. In February, the company received a signed and stamped court order from the High Court of Zimbabwe pertaining to the release of the diamonds.

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2023/01/27/london-based-company-seeks-to-retrieve-129k-diamond-carats-held-by-rbz/">London-based Company Seeks To Retrieve Over 129k Diamond Carats Held By RBZ</a></li>
</ul>
In February, Vast Resources stated that it would turn its attention back to other opportunities in Zimbabwe once the case is resolved. The AIM-listed mining company is already operating in Zimbabwe through the 95 percent-owned Eureka Gold Mine in Mashonaland Central province.

<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/2019/09/26/vast-resources-signs-diamonds-joint-venture-with-chiadzwa-community/">Vast Resources Signs Diamonds Joint Venture With Chiadzwa Community</a></li>
</ul>
Vast Resources is a mining company operating in Southern Africa and Eastern Europe. It focuses on gold, copper, diamond, silver, zinc, and lead. The company owns the Manaila Polymetallic Mine in Romania, is developing the Baita Plai Polymetallic Mine, and has a 25% interest in the Pickstone-Peerless Gold Mine in Zimbabwe. Vast Resources aims to advance brownfield projects and restart production at previous mining sites.
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Vast Resources' Shares Drop 24% Due To Diamond Release Delay At RBZ

Two bodies of illegal miners who were buried underground after their mine shaft caved in for over a week were retrieved on Friday.
Rescue teams had spent over a week searching for the bodies without success.
Last week, Chief Mutasa, traditional healers and villagers conducted rituals at the mine site in Mutare River in Penhalonga seeking spiritual guidance for rescue teams to no avail.
Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) spokesperson in Manicaland Province Nobert Muzondo confirmed the latest development to <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/thestandard/news/article/200015871/bodies-retrieved-from-mine-shaft">The Standard</a> on Saturday. He said:
<blockquote>
It’s true that the two bodies have been found in a decomposed state.
</blockquote>
Penhalonga Youth Development Trust director Clinton Masanga, who was on the ground, said “Something must be done to stop these deaths”.
Centre for Research and Development director James Mupfumi, said:
<blockquote>
There is a need for investigation into beneficial shareholding of exclusive prospecting orders and special grants.
</blockquote>
The mine is reportedly owned by Simba Dumbura, who is believed to be politically connected.
More: <a href="https://www.pindula.co.zw/">Pindula News</a>

Bodies Of Illegal Miners Retrieved From Mine Shaft

Invictus Energy Ltd, an independent upstream oil and gas company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX: IVZ), has reported plans to commence drilling the Mukuyu-2 appraisal well to confirm the discovery of light oil, gas condensate, and helium. This was stated in the company’s update on its activities at the Cabora Bassa Project in Zimbabwe.
The company announced the commencement of the mobilisation of Exalo Rig 202 to the Mukuyu-2 wellsite. Invictus Energy said the construction of the Mukuyu-2 wellpad has been completed and handed over after receiving necessary approvals from the Environmental Management Authority. In a statement seen by Pindula News, the company said:
<blockquote>
Invictus Energy Limited (“Invictus” or “the Company”) is pleased to announce the commencement of the Exalo Rig 202 mobilisation to Mukuyu-2 wellsite at its 80% owned and operated Cabora Bassa Project in Zimbabwe.
</blockquote>
Invictus Energy managing director Scott Macmillan said:
<blockquote>
The commencement of the rig mobilisation marks another milestone in the project as we prepare to commence drilling the Mukuyu-2 appraisal well as a follow-up from our highly successful basin opening Mukuyu-1/ST-1 well to confirm a discovery.
The Mukuyu-2 well will be located approximately 6.8km north-east from Mukuyu-1 and over 400m up-dip at the primary Upper Angwa target, which provides the potential to prove up a material discovery upon success.
Mukuyu-2 will be a near vertical well with a planned total depth of approximately 3,700m, which will also enable us to penetrate the untested Lower Angwa reservoirs in this location.
The preparation of the well services equipment to be followed by independent QAQC ahead of mobilisation to the Mukuyu-2 wellsite is well underway and we remain on track to spud in September.
</blockquote>
Invictus said it has finished constructing the Mukuyu-2 wellpad, which involved preparing the ground, ensuring stability, and providing a water supply. The Environmental Management Authority has inspected and approved the site.
Once the rig is moved to Mukuyu-2, Rig 202 will be set up and tested with a new system for storing drilling mud.
Mukuyu-2 is located about 6.8km northeast of Mukuyu-1 and aims to explore a specific rock formation called the Triassic Upper Angwa. It is shallower at Mukuyu-2, which will provide important information about the quality and distribution of the rock.
The well will be drilled vertically, allowing them to explore different layers of rock while keeping the operation simple. They will also investigate other rock formations like Dande, Forest, and Pebbly Arkose. The well is expected to reach a depth of approximately 3,700m, and drilling is planned to begin in September as scheduled.
Earlier this year, Invictus Energy announced that their Mukuyu-1 exploration well confirmed the presence of light oil, gas condensate, and helium. The well was drilled last year. The discovery has significant implications for both Invictus Energy and Zimbabwe itself. The resources can contribute to the country’s energy security and economic growth. The successful discoveries enhance Zimbabwe’s position as a potential player in the global energy market and may attract further investment in the country’s energy sector. 
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Invictus Energy To Drill Mukuyu-2 Appraisal Well To Confirm Oil, Gas And Helium Discovery

A lithium mining entity, Li3 Lithium Corp. involved in prospecting globally strategic lithium mineral, has announced significant progress in its ongoing exploration program at the Mutare Lithium Project. The company has discovered lithium deposits spanning over a 1.2-kilometre area at the Nels Luck pegmatite target, indicating the presence of significant lithium resources in that specific location.
Li3 Lithium holds a 50 percent ownership interest in the project, with the remaining 50 percent owned by Premier African Minerals Limited, which operates the Zulu Lithium and Tantalum Mine in Zimbabwe.
The analysis of samples taken from 842 channel samples collected from trenches during the initial phase of the 2023 exploration program to determine the quantity and quality of minerals present suggest presence of the mineral. The samples were sent for analysis in June and July. François Auclair, the CEO and president of Li3 Lithium, expressed optimism about the results, stating that the trenching program confirmed substantial lithium mineralization at the Mutare Lithium Project. Auclair said:
<blockquote>
The trenching program conducted by Li3 Lithium has confirmed wide, well-developed pegmatite lithium mineralization at the Mutare Lithium Project, which remains open at depth and along strike.
Initial assay results from the first-half of the 2023 trenching and surface sampling programs are promising given that the Nels Luck area of the Mutare Lithium Project is just 15km from the world-class Sabi Star Lithium Tantalum Mine.
A phase one diamond drilling program, up to 5,000 meters targeting the Nels Luck area, is scheduled to commence in the coming weeks as we begin to define the grade, thickness, and spatial continuity of the pegmatite trends.
</blockquote>
A phase one diamond drilling program is scheduled to commence in the near future to further evaluate the pegmatite trends.
The Mutare Lithium Project, situated in eastern Zimbabwe’s Mutare Greenstone Belt, is adjacent to the Sabi Star Lithium Tantalum Mine. The area is considered highly prospective for lithium-caesium-tantalum pegmatites. Zimbabwe possesses abundant lithium reserves and ranks sixth in the world, prompting the government to address smuggling issues that have resulted in significant lost mining earnings. Various lithium players, including Arcadia Mine, Zulu Lithium Mine, Bikita Minerals, and the upcoming Kamativi Mine, operate within Zimbabwe.
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Li3 Lithium Corp Discovers Significant Lithium Deposits At Mutare Lithium Project

The newly commissioned Muchesu Coal Mining Company in Binga District, Matabeleland North Province, plans to construct a new railway line linking its plant with Kwekwe, as part of a broader investment drive to enhance economic activity and trade in the country.
According to The Herald, the plant will produce 10,000 tonnes of coke per month, and with such volumes, an investment in rail infrastructure is critical for facilitating transport and logistics efficiency. The company is owned by a UK-headquartered investor, Contango Holdings, which has so far invested US$20 million in the project.
President Mnangagwa officially commissioned the new mining venture on Monday. In his address, President Mnangagwa said:
<blockquote>
They (Muchesu Mine) have promised to build a railway line from here in Binga to Kwekwe. They have also told me they will generate electricity that is enough to feed the country.
They have also promised to build quality roads, I say congratulations. Please do not die before you fulfil these promises.
</blockquote>
He said the government will support the project, which is in line with its economic transformation agenda and the country’s vision to achieve an upper-middle-income status by 2030.
Vice President Constantino Chiwenga who also attended the event stated that the commissioning of the Muchesu mine is a significant milestone for Binga, which will transform its economic fortunes. He added that the investment is a culmination of the re-engagement efforts spearheaded by President Mnangagwa, and the mine is a huge leap towards attaining a US$12 billion mining economy by year-end.
Similarly, Mines and Mining Development Minister Winston Chitando said the coming onstream of Muchesu is a reflection of the success of the mantra, “Zimbabwe is open for business” and President Mnangagwa’s philosophy of “leaving no one and no place behind.” 
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Muchesu Coal Mining Plans Railway Linking Binga And Kwekwe

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